Environment Assessment of Nepal – Emerging Issues and Challenges
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Strategy and Program Assessments
On-line edition: Free of Charge
Hardcopy price: $25.00 ISBN: 10 92 9115 004 5
Pub. Date: 2006
Out of Print
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Environmental data is still a new and incomplete area in Nepal. It can be difficult both to discover what data are available and to obtain access
to them. Relevant data are scattered among many institutions, and are often unpublished. There are many gaps and inconsistencies, problems in data
quality, lack of clear information about methods and definitions used, lack of time series, and lack of comparability between different data sets.
These issues have been highlighted in the appropriate sections in this book. Nevertheless, the information published here provides a basis for assessing the state of the environment in Nepal, as well as factors like environmental governance, financing, and trade that influence it. The extensive sources listed will provide future researchers with a basis for identifying new sources of data for future work, and it is hoped that the identification of gaps and needs will encourage further development of an “environmental statistics” culture in the country.
Note: Price quoted above is for developing countries. Additional pricing information as follows:
US$30.00 (Developed Countries)
US$15.00 (ICIMOD Member Countries)
NRs.600 (Local Sales, No P&P)
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Contents
Foreword
Acknowledgements
Acronyms and Abbreviations
Chapter 1: Overview
Introduction
Organization
Chapter 2: Rural Environment, Poverty, and Livelihood
Introduction
Rural Population
Rural Settlement
Rural Infrastructure and Services
Health and Sanitation
Poverty
Livelihoods
Summary
Bibliography
Chapter 3: Land Resources and Land Degradation
Land Resources
Land Degradation
Land Degradation Control Measures
Natural Disasters and Vulnerability
Bibliography
Chapter 4: Forestry and Biodiversity
Forestry
Biodiversity
Summary
Bibliography
Appendix 4.1: Forests and Other Ecosystems by Region
Appendix 4.2: Protected Plant and Wildlife Species
Chapter 5: Water Resources
Introduction
Surface Water Discharge
Use of Water Resources
Sources, Quantity, and Quality of Drinking Water
Sanitation
Public Health Impacts
Wetlands
Aquatic Biodiversity
Efforts in Water Supply and Sanitation Improvement and Management
Bibliography
Chapter 6: Energy Resources
Introduction
Sources and Consumption Patterns
Hydropower
Alternative Energy
Energy and Environment
Bibliography
Chapter 7: Air Pollution and Climate Change
Introduction
Status and Trends of Ambient Air Pollution in Nepal
Indoor Air Quality
Transboundary Air Pollution
Sources of Emissions
Impact of Air Pollution
Climate and Climate Change
Policy Response
Conclusion
Bibliography
Appendix 7.1: World Health Organization Guideline Values
Chapter 8: Urban Environment
Introduction
Urban Growth and Features
Urban Infrastructure
Urban Environmental Concerns
Policies and Initiatives
Future Directions
Bibliography
Chapter 9: Environmental Governance
Introduction
Environmental Governance in Nepal
Environmental Policies, Plans, and Programs in Nepal
Effectiveness of Environmental Policies, Plans and Programs
Regulatory Framework
International Commitments
Sub-regional Linkages
Enforcement of Environmental Laws and Standards
Major Stakeholders
Role of Key Environmental Stakeholders
Overall Performance of Environmental Governance
Bibliography
Appendix 9.1: Environmental Standards Developed by Different Public Sector Agencies in Nepal
Appendix 9.2: Some Major Environment-related International Conventions Participated in by Nepal
Appendix 9.3: Some Prominent Environmental NGOs in Nepal
Chapter 10: Environmental Financing
Introduction
Domestic Sources
External Sources
Tariffs and Subsidies
Conclusion
Bibliography
Chapter 11: Environment and Conflict: A Review of Nepal’s Experience
Introduction
Environment, Resource Scarcity, and Conflict
Theories Behind Environmental Conflict
Environmental Conflict in Nepal: The Overall Context
Forest Resources and Conflicts
Water Resources and Conflict
Urban Environment and Conflicts
The Maoist Insurrection and the Environment
Conclusions
Bibliography
Chapter 12: Environment and Trade
Introduction
Trade, Environment, and Sustainable Development
Nepal and Multilateral Environmental Agreements
WTO and Nepal
Nepal’s Changing Pattern of Trade and its Environmental Aspects
Future Implications for Nepal
Bibliography
Chapter 13: Environmental Information, Analysis, and Integration
Introduction
Issues Related to Environmental Information
Status of Environmental Data and Information in Nepal
Integration and Analysis of Environmental Information
Conclusions: Challenges in Environmental Information
Bibliography
Chapter 14: Emerging Priorities
Introduction
Promoting Integrated Ecosystem Management and Sustainable Livelihoods
Promoting Integrated Urban Environmental Management
Institutional Strengthening and Capacity Building
Environmental and Natural Resources Information Network
Bibliography
Appendix 14.1: List of Key Environmental Laws and Related Legislation in Nepal
Appendix 14.2: Some Common Constraints Faced by Nepal in Implementation of Environmental Impact
Assessment: Operational Problems and their Solutions
Annex: Millennium Development Goals and the Environment in Nepal
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