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p. 30 of 79 BACK | NEXT Foreword Abbreviations Glossary 1. Introduction 2. The Resettlement Plan in the Project Cycle 3. Resettlement: Key Planning Concepts 4. Consultation and Participation 4.1 Identification of Stakeholders 4.2 Participation Mechanisms 4.3 Participation in the Project Cycle 4.4 Institutional Framework and Grievance Redress 4.5 Consultation and Community Participation in the Project Cycle: Key Action Points 4.6 Checklist: Consultation and Participation 5. Socioeconomic Information 6. Relocation 7. Income Restoration 8. Institutional Framework 9. Monitoring and Evaluation Selected Reading List Appendix 1: The Bank's Policy on Involuntary Resettlement Appendix 2: Sample Terms of Reference for Full Resettlement Plan Appendix 3: Resettlement Policies in Selected DMCs Appendix 4: Resettlement Monitoring: Sample Formats for Monthly Progress Reports

Handbook on Resettlement: A Guide to Good Practice : 4. Consultation and Participation

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4.2. Participation Mechanisms

Participation mechanisms facilitate the consultative process and include information sharing, consultation with APs and other stakeholders, and active involvement of APs in project tasks, committees, and decision-making.

Information sharing is the first principle of participation. In many cases, opposition to a project arises from lack of information or misinformation. Project management must be willing to share all aspects of the project (planning, design, alternative options, and possible known impacts of the project) at the project identification stage. Information can be disseminated concerning the project and its impacts, compensation policies and payments schedules, resettlement planning and possible relocation sites, implementing institutions and timetable, and grievances procedures.

Bank missions consult with APs during the ISA, loan Fact-Finding, and appraisal so that community inputs can be incorporated in project design and the resettlement plan. Consultation with APs, and discussion of options with them, is essential during preparation of the RP.

It is important to involve representatives of various stakeholder groups particularly APs and NGOs involved in project tasks, committees, and decision making at all stages after identification. Both institutional and financial provisions should be established for continuing consultation throughout project preparation and implementation. The example below demonstrates good practice in public consultation and participation.

Important methods for engendering a participatory approach in resettlement management are:

• information campaigns, for example, using media, posters, or information leaflets
• public meetings
• focus groups involving key stakeholders, for example, local business or village leaders, women, the poor, people experiencing particular kinds of losses
• group formation and development, providing a forum to support identified AP groups, during the process of planning and implementation
• interviews with people affected on a household basis to seek their agreement on their specific entitlements
• formation of various committees of stakeholder groups for planning, implementation, and monitoring purposes
• development of mechanisms for grievance redress, and publicizing these mechanisms widely
• introduction of a social preparation phase (Chapter 3).

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