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Handbook on Resettlement: A Guide to Good Practice :
9. Monitoring and Evaluation
9.3. Internal Monitoring
The EA usually has full responsibility for internal monitoring. Monitoring takes place against the activities, entitlements, time frame and budget set out in the RP. The internal monitoring is often based upon a card system kept in the monitoring office recording the entitlements due to and received by each affected household. The card system can be manual or computerized. Some countries provide each entitled household or person with a resettlement card recording their entitlements due and received for their own records.
The record system is supplemented by periodic survey designed to measure change against the baseline established during the initial census and survey work. The periodic survey focuses upon the receipt of entitlements by people affected and on the benefits indicators.
The authors of the RP will develop a method for the monitoring work, including periodic surveys and achievement of progress against activities and entitlements that comprise the Plan. The method will specify the survey plan, sampling framework, frequency, resources, and responsibilities. Monitoring will normally continue throughout the life of the project, even after the period of intensive resettlement activity. Bank policy specifies that complete recovery from resettlement can be protracted and may require monitoring well after resettlement activities are completed, sometimes after project facilities are commissioned and Bank financing is complete.
Monitoring indicators will be selected to address the specific contents of the activities and entitlements matrix. Sample monitoring indicators, from which specific indicators can be developed and refined according to the circumstances, are set out below.
Potential Monitoring Indicators
| Type of Monitoring |
Basis for Indicators |
| Budget and Time Frame |
- Have all land acquisition and resettlement staff been appointed and mobilized for the field and office work on schedule?
- Have capacity building and training activities been completed on schedule?
- Are resettlement implementation activities being achieved against agreed implementation plan?
- Are funds for resettlement being allocated to resettlement agencies on time?
- Have resettlement offices received the scheduled funds?
- Have funds been disbursed according to RP?
- Has the social preparation phase taken place as scheduled?
- Has all land been acquired and occupied in time for project implementation?
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| Delivery of AP Entitlements |
- Have all APs received entitlements according to numbers and categories of loss set out in the entitlement matrix?
- Have APs received payments on time?
- Have APs losing from temporary land borrow been compensated?
- Have all APs received the agreed transport costs, relocation costs, income substitution support and any resettlement allowances, according to schedule?
- Have all replacement land plots or contracts been provided? Was the land developed as specified? Are measures in train to provide land tittles to APs?
- How many APs households have received land titles?
- How many APs have received housing as per relocation options in the RP?
- Does house quality meet the standards agreed?
- Have relocation sites been selected and developed as per agreed standards?
- Are the APs occupying the new houses?
- Are assistance measures being implemented as planned for host communities?
- Is restoration proceeding for social infrastructure and services?
- Are APs able to access schools, health services, cultural sites and activities?
- Are income and livelihood restoration activities being implemented as set out in the income restoration plan, for example utilizing replacement land, commencement of production, numbers of APs trained and provided with jobs, micro-credit disbursed, number of income generating activities assisted?
- Have affected businesses received entitlements including transfer and payments for net losses resulting from lost business and stoppage of production?
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| Consultation, Grievance and Special Issues |
- Have consultations taken place as scheduled including meetings, groups, community activities? Have resettlement leaflets been prepared and distributed?
- How many APs know their entitlements? How many know if they have been received?
- Have any APs used the grievance redress procedures? What were the outcomes? Have conflicts been resolved?
- Was the social preparation phase implemented?
- Were special measures for indigenous peoples implemented?
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| Benefit Monitoring |
- What changes have occurred in patterns of occupation, production and resource use compared to the pre-project situation?
- What changes have occurred in income and expenditure patterns compared to pre-project situation? What have been the changes in cost of living compared to pre-project situation? Have APs incomes kept pace with these changes?
- What changes have taken place in key social and cultural parameters relating to living standards?
- What changes have occurred for vulnerable groups?
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9.2 The Resettlement Monitoring and Evaluation Plan | Next
9.4 External Monitoring and Evaluation |
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