Publications

	Table of Contents
p. 44 of 62 BACK | NEXT Purpose and Structure of the Toolkit Overview of Practices Controlled by Competition Law Countries with Competition Law Systems Benefits of Competition Policy Practices Controlled by Competition Law Key Concepts and Tools Competition, Privatization, and Regulation Emerging Economies Does Everyone Benefit From Competitive Markets? All Economies Suffer from Anti-Competitive Practices Competition Policy, Competitiveness and Productivity Competition Advocacy: Effective Tool Against Special Pleading Need for Merger Control Importance of Granting Resources to Competition Authorities Consumers' Empowerment Education Regional Solutions UN Conference, November 2005 Enforcement Mechanisms ADB Resources and Projects Other Resources Glossary and List of Abbreviations

Competition Law Toolkit : Emerging Economies

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J. UN Conference, November 2005

Several of the issues discussed in this section are reflected in the official documents discussed at the Fifth United Nations Conference to Review All Aspects of the Set of Multilaterally Agreed Equitable Principles and Rules for the Control of Restrictive Business Practices held in Antalya, Turkey on 14-18 November 2005. A number of recent competition cases were reviewed in a wide variety of countries: Argentina, South Africa, Zambia, and Costa Rica, to mention just a few. In relation to a cartel between producers of medical oxygen, it was noted at the conference that cartels in the medical industry can be particularly harmful in developing countries. In the case of minimum resale price maintenance in the motor vehicle industry in South Africa, it was noted that an informed and enlightened citizen drew the Competition Commission's attention to the existence of the practice. This is an example of what can be achieved when a competition culture develops in a country and when citizens play their part in the enforcement of the law.

In the case of Zambia, the existence of a virtual monopoly in the cement industry was the cause of high prices, but the Competition Commission was able to use its advocacy function to try to bring about improvements. In Costa Rica, action was taken to stop resale price maintenance in relation to carbonated soft drinks, a practice that was obviously harmful to consumers in a small market economy.

These case studies, as well as other official documents discussed at the conference, are available at The 5th UN Conference on Competition Policy.

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