Publications

	Table of Contents
p. 54 of 62 BACK | NEXT Purpose and Structure of the Toolkit Overview of Practices Controlled by Competition Law Countries with Competition Law Systems Benefits of Competition Policy Practices Controlled by Competition Law Key Concepts and Tools Competition, Privatization, and Regulation Emerging Economies Enforcement Mechanisms Role of the Legislature, the Government and Ministers Independent Competition Authorities Accountable Competition Authorities Design of the Competition Authority Procedures of the Competition Authority Transparent Decision-Making Powers of the Competition Authority Sanctions Leniency Program Competition Law Compliance Programs Administrative Guidance Role of the Courts Miscellaneous Points ADB Resources and Projects Other Resources Glossary and List of Abbreviations

Competition Law Toolkit : Enforcement Mechanisms

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I. Leniency Program

Many countries now operate a leniency program for participants in cartels, whereby a successful "whistle-blower" can obtain total immunity from civil and criminal penalties in return for telling the competition authority about the existence of a cartel. This policy has proved enormously successful in the US and the European Union. Leniency programs have been adopted in Japan [ PDF ], South Korea, and Singapore. OECD has produced a chapter on drafting and implementing an effective leniency program [ PDF ].

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