Weak financial intermediaries and problems with financial regulation and supervision have been significant factors surrounding the developing countries debt crises and the United States savings and loan crisis in the 1980s, the collapse of the Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI) of Pakistan and Barings Bank of England, and the Mexican [ PDF ] and East Asian [ PDF ] financial crises in the 1990s. These various problems have led to a wide range of international efforts directed towards supporting financial stability.