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Village Spatial Planning

ADB through ETESP has assisted in spatial planning at village level for 73 villages in Aceh. The village plans aim to assist the reconstruction of houses and village infrastructure.

The Badan Rekonstruksi dan Rehabilitasi (The Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Agency for Aceh and Nias, BRR) issued Village Planning Guidelines in 2006. They call for a comprehensive village planning to be carried out including all necessary infrastructure and public facilities, improved land use plans, economic development plans, and recommended environmental safeguards. The approach to village planning requires a community-based participatory approach where the communities are assisted in identifying the legitimate beneficiaries of the reconstruction program and priority projects for their respective area.

View the village planning documents.

BRR's Guidelines distinguish three levels of village planning in accordance with size and complexity of the proposed reconstruction:

• Rapid Site Plan - < 20 houses
• Minimum Settlement Plan - 20 -150 houses
• Better Settlement Plan - above 150 houses

Rapid Site Plan - The plan consists of the location of the houses to be constructed and a description of the basic infrastructure components including clean water, access roads, escape routes, sanitation, drainage, green belts, communications, and power. The objective is to restore original conditions prior to the disaster with strong consideration given to disaster mitigation.

Minimum and Better Settlement Plans - Unlike rapid site plans which do not require a village consensus, this approach requires a thorough process of consultation with the affected communities. Consideration is given to environmental, topographical, technical, economic, and social aspects. Specific subject matter expert advice is based on collection of detailed data and site inspections. The finalization of the Village Spatial Plan (VSP) requires community consensus. Changes in the spatial layout of the respective villages are expected to be substantial.

Levels of Village Planning

The deliverables for each VSP include a comprehensive set of infrastructure and housing plots maps on a 1:1000 scale, and detailed spatial planning report for the specific area. The reports include substantial information on the various sectors as well as preliminary design drawings and cost estimates for infrastructure components. The reports are produced in Bahasa Indonesia as per the requirements set forth by the BRR, local government, and the village community. View an example of a VSP.

The main challenge for the agencies involved in undertaking VSPs is to assure communities that after their VSP has been completed, speedy reconstruction and rehabilitation activity would soon follow.

Through ETESP support VSps for 73 villages in Aceh have been completed in the following districts (kabupatens):

• Banda Aceh
• Aceh Besar
• Aceh Jaya
• Aceh Barat
• Nagan Raya

Valuable lessons have been learned and the key lessons learned include:

• Community consultation and planning is socially sensitive activity
• Planning is an integrative and inter-sectoral activity and not a combination of individual sectoral activities.
• Community organizing is village specific. The size, social composition, history, and spatial layout tend to influence the nature, quality, and timing of community based planning.
• Housing issues are village specific as different areas may have different cultural and social traditions.
• Treating villages as "islands" and limiting the scope of spatial planning to the village boundary is inadequate as linking them to each other is essential for socio-political reasons.