Water

Model Terms of Reference
Planning Urban Sanitation & Wastewater Management Improvements

ADB has produced an approach and methodology for planning urban sanitation and wastewater (WW) management improvements. The material is in the form of a consultant Terms of Reference (TOR) for a project preparation technical assistance (PPTA). The breadth of technical and institutional options is a standout feature of the TOR.

• Background
• What the model TOR offers
• Links

Governments and city leaders tend to favor conventional sewerage systems. But these systems are expensive, technically and organizationally difficult to operate, and they rarely benefit the poor. Poorly planned and operated conventional sewerage damages the environment and misses the opportunity to recycle valuable nutrients and organics.

The TOR directs the project preparation consultant to review a comprehensive range of sanitation and wastewater management options, including

• conventional and low cost
• centralized and decentralized sewerage
• separate and combined industrial and municipal sewerage
• sewage treatment and effluent disposal options
• on-site sanitation options, separate programs for schools
• public toilets
• sanitation in slums
• community-based NGO-supported programs

Consultants and governments are encouraged to consider where ecological sanitation (ecosan) should fit in the sanitation strategy.

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The TOR for planning urban sanitation and wastewater management improvements offers a step-by-step guide for

• surveying the existing sanitation situation in the project city
• analyzing the survey results
• analyzing all the plausible technical and institutional options
• formulating responsive city government policy and ordinances
• setting project investment priorities

The material is a work-in-progress and can be adapted for your particular project circumstances. It also includes lessons learned from ADB and the World Bank, some case studies, and urban sanitation references.

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To read, you need Acrobat.

• Detailed TOR [PDF]
• Appendices [PDF]
1. Lessons Learned – ADB
2. Lessons Learned – World Bank
3. Some Global Case Studies
4. Some References On Urban Sanitation