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Cofinancing
Cofinancing operations enable ADB’s financing partners, governments or their agencies, multilateral financing institutions, and commercial organizations, to participate in the financing of ADB projects. The additional funds are provided in the form of official loans and grants, and commercial financing, such as B loans, risk transfer arrangements, parallel loans, and cofinancing for transactions under ADB’s Trade Finance Program (TFP).
By the end of 2012, cumulative direct value-added official cofinancing for Nepal amounted to $707.5 million for 39 investment projects, and $62.7 million for 84 technical assistance projects.
In 2012, Nepal received $4 million grant cofinancing from the Government of the United Kingdom for the Strengthening Public Management Program and $3.5 million supplementary grant cofinancing from the Government of Australia for the School Sector Program.
Projects Cofinanced, 1 January 2008 - 31 December 2012
| Cofinancing | No. of Projects | Amount ($ million) |
|---|---|---|
| Projectsa | 16 | 400.99 |
| Grants | 14 | 348.99 |
| Official loans | 3 | 52.00 |
| Technical Assistance Grants | 22 | 21.78 |
a A project with more than one source of cofinancing is counted once.
Investment Projects Cofinanced for Nepal, 1 January 2008 - 31 December 2012
| Project |
ADB Amounta ($ million) |
Cofinancing Amount ($ million) |
Type of Cofinancingb |
|---|---|---|---|
| Strengthening Public Management Program | 21.00 | 4.00 | G |
| School Sector Program (Supplementary) | - | 3.47 | G |
| School Sector Program | 65.00 | 264.50 | G |
| Electricity Transmission Expansion and Supply Improvement | 75.00 | 25.00 | G |
| Decentralized Rural Infrastructure and Livelihood (Additional Financing) | 25.00 | 27.06 | G/O |
| Establishing Women and Children Service Centers (Supplementary) | - | 0.20 | G |
| Support for Targeted and Sustainable Development Programs for Highly Marginalized Groups | - | 2.70 | G |
| Reducing Child Malnutrition through Social Protection | - | 2.00 | G |
| Kathmandu Sustainable Urban Transport | 20.00 | 2.52 | G |
| Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environment Improvement | 60.00 | 17.00 | O |
| Governance Support Program (Subprogram I) (Supplementary) | - | 8.80 | G |
| Flour Fortification in Chakki Mills | - | 1.80 | G |
| Energy Access and Efficiency Improvement | 65.00 | 4.20 | G |
| South Asia Tourism Infrastructure Development - Nepal | 25.50 | 15.00 | O |
| Capacity Building for the Promotion of Legal Identity Among the Poor in Nepal | - | 2.00 | G |
| Establishing Women and Children Service Centers | - | 0.75 | G |
| Trade Finance Programc | 4,566.02 | 33.98 | C |
- = nil.
a Loan, grant or blend.
b G = grant cofinancing, O = official cofinancing, C = commercial cofinancing.
c The $1 billion limit for ADB’s Regional Trade Finance Program (TFP) approved by the Board of Directors in 2009 is the maximum exposure TFP can assume at any one point in time. This limit has never been breached. Because maturities under TFP transactions tend to be short - on average less than 180 days - TFP exposure can revolve (be re-used) within a year. This explains how TFP’s exposure from 2009-2012 was greater than its $1 billion limit without actually breaching the limit at any one point in time.