Results of ADB-supported Operations: Nepal

Since 1996, ADB assistance to Nepal is strongly focused on reducing poverty by promoting inclusive economic growth in a country that remains poor, predominantly rural, and affected by ethnic and socioeconomic divisions. Other areas of assistance include social development, good governance and capacity building, and environmental sustainability.

ADB follows innovative and flexible approaches to implementing projects and programs to foster an environment of inclusion and to support the most marginalized groups, such as Dalit communities, indigenous peoples, and women.

This country brief summarizes how the partnership between the Government of Nepal and ADB has contributed to the development of the country.

Development Results of ADB-Supported Operations in Nepal, 2004-2012

As of 31 December 2012 Download Excel file

Sector/Output Outputs Delivered
Education
Classrooms built or upgraded (number) 780
Teachers trained (number) 122,947
Students benefiting from school improvement programs or direct support (number) 91,222
Energy
Installed energy generation capacity (megawatt equivalent) 144
Transmission lines installed or upgraded (kilometers) 105
Distribution lines installed or updgraded (kilometers) 2,522
New households connected to electricity (number) 119,000
Greenhouse gas emission reduction (tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per year) 2,445
Finance
Microfinance loan accounts opened / end borrowers reached (number) 818,820
Transport
Expressway built or updgraded (kilometers) 14
National highways and provincial, district, and rural roads built or upgraded (kilometers) 1,362
Beneficiaries from road projects (number) 6,753,193
Water
Water supply pipes installed or upgraded: length of network (kilometers) 11,179
New households served with water supply (number) 313,922
Wastewater treatment capacity created (cubic meters) 7,665
New households served with sanitation (number) 94,440
Land improved through irrigation services, drainage, and flood management (hectares) 139,745

The table includes projects completed during the period, and funded by ADB's ordinary capital resources and/or the Asian Development Fund, cofinanciers, and the government. The outputs presented are limited to ADB's core sectors, as defined under Strategy 2020 and tracked through indicators in the ADB Results Framework. ADB monitors progress on these outputs in the annual Development Effectiveness Review. The numbers represent the sum of outputs and beneficiaries of individual projects. Therefore, the beneficiary numbers reported under education—teachers trained, and students benefitting from school improvement programs or direct support—include those who benefited from more than one project.

Source: ADB project completion reports

Classrooms built or upgraded between 2004-2012: 780

Classrooms cover (i) classrooms; (ii) laboratory rooms, including those for science, computers, and languages; (iii) lecture halls; (iv) libraries and workshop facilities; (v) auditoriums; and (vi) sports facilities, which may include gyms, and basketball and volleyball courts.

Contributing ADB Projects
Project Name Type of Assistance Approval Number Approval Date Closing Date Success Rating at Completion* Contribution to Output
34022-013: Secondary Education Support Project Loan 1917 20-Sep-02 26-Nov-10 Successful 780
*The above table reflects project ratings from project completion reports. These ratings are updated with those from the project completion report validation reports and/or project/program performance evaluation reports when these reports become available.
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Teachers trained between 2004-2012: 122,947

The number of teachers or professors trained over the duration of the project as a result of the project, both pre-service in order to become teachers; and in-service, for teachers to acquire or improve their teaching capacity. Teachers refer to those employed in formal primary, secondary, and tertiary education.

Contributing ADB Projects
Project Name Type of Assistance Approval Number Approval Date Closing Date Success Rating at Completion* Contribution to Output
34022-013: Secondary Education Support Project Loan 1917 20-Sep-02 26-Nov-10 Successful 8,541
32236-013: Teacher Education Project Loan 1840 24-Sep-01 09-Dec-09 Successful 114,406
*The above table reflects project ratings from project completion reports. These ratings are updated with those from the project completion report validation reports and/or project/program performance evaluation reports when these reports become available.
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Students benefiting from school improvement programs or direct support between 2004-2012: 91,222

Students benefiting from (i) school improvement programs (at the end of the project); or (ii) having received direct support through scholarships, feeding, or similar programs (total number over the duration of the project). School improvement programs include civil works and provision of equipment or furniture.

Contributing ADB Projects
Project Name Type of Assistance Approval Number Approval Date Closing Date Success Rating at Completion* Contribution to Output
34022-013: Secondary Education Support Project Loan 1917 20-Sep-02 26-Nov-10 Successful 91,200
25054: Third Livestock Development Project Loan 1461 19-Sep-96 20-Sep-04 Highly successful / successful 22
*The above table reflects project ratings from project completion reports. These ratings are updated with those from the project completion report validation reports and/or project/program performance evaluation reports when these reports become available.
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Installed energy generation capacity between 2004-2012: 144 megawatt equivalent

The indicator, given in megawatt (MW) equivalent is the total incremental generating capacity of a generation project. This may be power sourced from renewable technology or from conventional sources e.g., oil, coal, or large hydro. A project may involve construction of a new power plant or simply acquisition of an asset, e.g., the private sector acquiring a government-owned coal plant. This includes the MW-equivalent capacity of additional heating supply as well as hydrocarbon-based energy added through production or additional import capacity. Energy export is excluded from Level 2 measurement as it does not add to the energy resources of a country.

Contributing ADB Projects
Project Name Type of Assistance Approval Number Approval Date Closing Date Success Rating at Completion* Contribution to Output
26362: Kali Gandaki A Hydroelectric Project Loan 1452 23-Jul-96 31-Dec-03 Highly successful / successful 144
*The above table reflects project ratings from project completion reports. These ratings are updated with those from the project completion report validation reports and/or project/program performance evaluation reports when these reports become available.

Transmission lines installed or upgraded between 2004-2012: 105 kilometers

The indicator covers power, gas, and oil transmission lines. It is the measure of the ground distance, in kilometers, traversed by the transmission line. For power transmission lines, we are looking for the simple distance from tower A to tower B and not the circuit-kilometers.

Contributing ADB Projects
Project Name Type of Assistance Approval Number Approval Date Closing Date Success Rating at Completion* Contribution to Output
26362: Kali Gandaki A Hydroelectric Project Loan 1452 23-Jul-96 31-Dec-03 Highly successful / successful 105
*The above table reflects project ratings from project completion reports. These ratings are updated with those from the project completion report validation reports and/or project/program performance evaluation reports when these reports become available.

Distribution lines installed or updgraded between 2004-2012: 2,522 kilometers

"Distribution lines installed or upgraded" is the aggregate of the following three sub-indicators: (i) km of power distribution lines installed or upgraded, generally at 110 kv or lower); (ii) km of district heating network pipes installed or upgraded; and (iii) km of urban gas supply network pipes installed or upgraded.

Contributing ADB Projects
Project Name Type of Assistance Approval Number Approval Date Closing Date Success Rating at Completion* Contribution to Output
29471-013: Rural Electrification, Distribution, and Transmission Project Loan 1732 21-Dec-99 19-Dec-08 Successful 2,522
*The above table reflects project ratings from project completion reports. These ratings are updated with those from the project completion report validation reports and/or project/program performance evaluation reports when these reports become available.
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New households connected to electricity between 2004-2012: 119,000

The indicator is the number of new households connected to the grid. Only new household connections resulting from a project are counted; households already connected to the grid and receiving improved services through a project are not counted. The number of new household connections resulting from a project is counted in total and not proportional to the ADB funding component only. The guiding principle is that ADB assistance is integral to the completion of the entire project; without the ADB assistance, the total target household connections would not be attained.

Contributing ADB Projects
Project Name Type of Assistance Approval Number Approval Date Closing Date Success Rating at Completion* Contribution to Output
29471-013: Rural Electrification, Distribution, and Transmission Project Loan 1732 21-Dec-99 19-Dec-08 Successful 119,000
*The above table reflects project ratings from project completion reports. These ratings are updated with those from the project completion report validation reports and/or project/program performance evaluation reports when these reports become available.
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Greenhouse gas emission reduction between 2004-2012: 2,445 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per year

A proxy emission factor is to be used for developing Asia (countries where ADB may implement projects), which is 793.73 tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) per gigawatt-hour (GWh). This proxy factor is to be used to calculate emission reduction/ avoidance accruing from the projects, i.e., GWh generated using renewable energy, and GWh saved through efficiency improvement.

Contributing ADB Projects
Project Name Type of Assistance Approval Number Approval Date Closing Date Success Rating at Completion* Contribution to Output
26362: Kali Gandaki A Hydroelectric Project Loan 1452 23-Jul-96 31-Dec-03 Highly successful / successful 2,445
*The above table reflects project ratings from project completion reports. These ratings are updated with those from the project completion report validation reports and/or project/program performance evaluation reports when these reports become available.

Microfinance loan accounts opened / end borrowers reached between 2004-2012: 818,820

All those reached by microfinance lending or saving group activities of the project will be counted, including participants in self-help groups.

Contributing ADB Projects
Project Name Type of Assistance Approval Number Approval Date Closing Date Success Rating at Completion* Contribution to Output
35170-013: Community Livestock Development Project Loan 2071 19-Dec-03 30-Nov-10 Successful 2,000
29237-013: Rural Microfinance Project Loan 1650 08-Dec-98 15-Aug-07 Successful 400,000
29236-013: Community Groundwater Irrigation Sector Project Loan 1609 26-Feb-98 21-Jan-08 Successful 7,020
25054: Third Livestock Development Project Loan 1461 19-Sep-96 20-Sep-04 Highly successful / successful 9,800
19187: Upper Sagarmatha Agricultural Development Project Loan 1114 31-Oct-91 30-Jun-02 Partly successful 400,000
*The above table reflects project ratings from project completion reports. These ratings are updated with those from the project completion report validation reports and/or project/program performance evaluation reports when these reports become available.
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Expressway built or updgraded between 2004-2012: 14 kilometers

Length of expressways (i.e. fully access-controlled highways) built or upgraded, expressed in km. Access control means no direct crossings. "Expressways" can include roads that in certain countries are called highways if they have full access control. "Upgrading" includes all activity to restore a degraded road to originally intended design capacity (repair/rehabilitation) and to improve on its design capacity (e.g. by widening). Upgrading does not cover road signage (only).

Contributing ADB Projects
Project Name Type of Assistance Approval Number Approval Date Closing Date Success Rating at Completion* Contribution to Output
32239-013: Urban and Environmental Improvement Project Loan 1966 10-Dec-02 14-Dec-11 Successful 14
*The above table reflects project ratings from project completion reports. These ratings are updated with those from the project completion report validation reports and/or project/program performance evaluation reports when these reports become available.
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National highways and provincial, district, and rural roads built or upgraded between 2004-2012: 1,362 kilometers

Length of open access road networks built or upgraded in km (without full access control). "Upgrading" includes all activity to restore a degraded road to originally intended design capacity (repair/rehabilitation) and to improve on its design capacity (e.g. by widening). Upgrading does not cover road signage (only).

Contributing ADB Projects
Project Name Type of Assistance Approval Number Approval Date Closing Date Success Rating at Completion* Contribution to Output
37027-013: Subregional Transport Facilitation Project Loan 2097 04-Nov-04 21-Sep-10 Successful 41
29472-013: Road Network Development Project Loan 1876 13-Dec-01 11-Jan-10 Successful 613
29236-013: Community Groundwater Irrigation Sector Project Loan 1609 26-Feb-98 21-Jan-08 Successful 300
25322: Rural Infrastructure Development Project Loan 1450 27-Jun-96 30-Jun-05 Highly successful / successful 267
19187: Upper Sagarmatha Agricultural Development Project Loan 1114 31-Oct-91 30-Jun-02 Partly successful 141
*The above table reflects project ratings from project completion reports. These ratings are updated with those from the project completion report validation reports and/or project/program performance evaluation reports when these reports become available.
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Beneficiaries from road projects between 2004-2012: 6,753,193

Includes all beneficiaries defined by reports and recommendations of the President or project completion reports as beneficiaries of roads constructed or upgraded; generally those in the vicinity of the road or in the project area. Beneficiaries of railway projects are not included.

Contributing ADB Projects
Project Name Type of Assistance Approval Number Approval Date Closing Date Success Rating at Completion* Contribution to Output
37027-013: Subregional Transport Facilitation Project Loan 2097 04-Nov-04 21-Sep-10 Successful 1,620,000
29472-013: Road Network Development Project Loan 1876 13-Dec-01 11-Jan-10 Successful 3,890,000
29236-013: Community Groundwater Irrigation Sector Project Loan 1609 26-Feb-98 21-Jan-08 Successful 600,000
25322: Rural Infrastructure Development Project Loan 1450 27-Jun-96 30-Jun-05 Highly successful / successful 258,000
19187: Upper Sagarmatha Agricultural Development Project Loan 1114 31-Oct-91 30-Jun-02 Partly successful 234,000
32239-013: Urban and Environmental Improvement Project Loan 1966 10-Dec-02 14-Dec-11 Successful 151,193
*The above table reflects project ratings from project completion reports. These ratings are updated with those from the project completion report validation reports and/or project/program performance evaluation reports when these reports become available.
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Water supply pipes installed or upgraded: length of network between 2004-2012: 11,179 kilometers

All sizes of pipes intended to transport water for urban water use for domestic and (non agricultural) business purposes, expressed in their aggregate length in the network, irrespective of pipe diameter, comprising mains as well as reticulation pipes. Both new and repaired/upgraded pipes are aggregated and they are not distinguished through subindicators.

Contributing ADB Projects
Project Name Type of Assistance Approval Number Approval Date Closing Date Success Rating at Completion* Contribution to Output
31402-013: Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project Loan 1755 12-Sep-00 03-Dec-09 Successful 834
26063: Fourth Rural Water Supply & Sanitation Sector Project Loan 1464 24-Sep-96 20-Dec-02 Highly successful / successful 5,434
32239-013: Urban and Environmental Improvement Project Loan 1966 10-Dec-02 14-Dec-11 Successful 359
32249-013: Community-Based Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project Loan 2008 30-Sep-03 15-Apr-11 Successful 4,552
*The above table reflects project ratings from project completion reports. These ratings are updated with those from the project completion report validation reports and/or project/program performance evaluation reports when these reports become available.
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New households served with water supply between 2004-2012: 313,922

This refers to all additional households that benefit from projects that offer piped or non-piped water supply systems, which is of a higher order than the system that the households used before. Non-piped supply may include standpipes.

Contributing ADB Projects
Project Name Type of Assistance Approval Number Approval Date Closing Date Success Rating at Completion* Contribution to Output
31402-013: Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project Loan 1755 12-Sep-00 03-Dec-09 Successful 105,893
26063: Fourth Rural Water Supply & Sanitation Sector Project Loan 1464 24-Sep-96 20-Dec-02 Highly successful / successful 111,600
32239-013: Urban and Environmental Improvement Project Loan 1966 10-Dec-02 14-Dec-11 Successful 6,032
32249-013: Community-Based Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project Loan 2008 30-Sep-03 15-Apr-11 Successful 90,397
*The above table reflects project ratings from project completion reports. These ratings are updated with those from the project completion report validation reports and/or project/program performance evaluation reports when these reports become available.
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Wastewater treatment capacity created between 2004-2012: 7,665 cubic meters

Wastewater treatment capacity added is equivalent to the maximum amount of cubic meter (m3) of waste water at the new or improved treatment plant intake per day. It excludes waste treatment capacity of septic tanks and the removal of the waste. Sewage received from residential, non-residential, and non-trade waste sources includes volumes collected in the sewage system due to storm water, illegal connection inflows, and infiltration to the sewerage system. Residential (domestic) sewage is the waterborne waste derived from human origin comprising fecal matter, urine, and liquid household waste from water closet pans, sinks, baths, basins, and similar fixtures designed for use in private dwellings.

Contributing ADB Projects
Project Name Type of Assistance Approval Number Approval Date Closing Date Success Rating at Completion* Contribution to Output
32239-013: Urban and Environmental Improvement Project Loan 1966 10-Dec-02 14-Dec-11 Successful 7,665
*The above table reflects project ratings from project completion reports. These ratings are updated with those from the project completion report validation reports and/or project/program performance evaluation reports when these reports become available.
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New households served with sanitation between 2004-2012: 94,440

This refers to all additional households that benefit from projects offering a variety of sanitation systems to households that either did not benefit from sanitation systems before, or benefited from systems of lesser order. The situation at the end of the project is to be reflected.

Contributing ADB Projects
Project Name Type of Assistance Approval Number Approval Date Closing Date Success Rating at Completion* Contribution to Output
31402-013: Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project Loan 1755 12-Sep-00 03-Dec-09 Successful 10,022
26063: Fourth Rural Water Supply & Sanitation Sector Project Loan 1464 24-Sep-96 20-Dec-02 Highly successful / successful 34,931
32239-013: Urban and Environmental Improvement Project Loan 1966 10-Dec-02 14-Dec-11 Successful 4,719
32249-013: Community-Based Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project Loan 2008 30-Sep-03 15-Apr-11 Successful 44,768
*The above table reflects project ratings from project completion reports. These ratings are updated with those from the project completion report validation reports and/or project/program performance evaluation reports when these reports become available.
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Land improved through irrigation services, drainage, and flood management between 2004-2012: 139,745 hectares

The rural land area improved through new/improved irrigation (and drainage) services and/or flood management. This indicator is the aggregate of 2 sub-indicators: (i) land area improved through irrigation (and drainage) services in hectares, and (ii) land area improved through flood management in hectares.

Contributing ADB Projects
Project Name Type of Assistance Approval Number Approval Date Closing Date Success Rating at Completion* Contribution to Output
29236-013: Community Groundwater Irrigation Sector Project Loan 1609 26-Feb-98 21-Jan-08 Successful 54,350
26015: Second Irrigation Sector Project Loan 1437 16-May-96 13-Nov-03 Successful 39,757
23410: Irrigation Management Transfer Project Loan 1311 13-Sep-94 28-Sep-04 Partly successful 45,563
32239-013: Urban and Environmental Improvement Project Loan 1966 10-Dec-02 14-Dec-11 Successful 75
*The above table reflects project ratings from project completion reports. These ratings are updated with those from the project completion report validation reports and/or project/program performance evaluation reports when these reports become available.
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Students from Raghunath higher secondary school in Bauniya, Kailali. During 2004-2011, over 90,000 students benefited from ADB supported school improvement programs.

Related Links

Aggregate Results of ADB-supported Operations
Cashing in on Infrastructure
In Nepal, Families’ Incomes Grow Together
Breaking with Tradition
Transforming Lives