- Shanxi Road Development II Project - Loan 1967, 21 Nov 2002
Project should benefit women who are usually farmers and enterprise
workers by increasing productivity. Project includes specific
health measures for construction camp and itinerant health workers,
women's representation public consultations, and project performance
monitoring systems using gender-disaggregated data.Although women
comprise only 15% of labor in construction, they are assured of
equal pay and opportunities.
- Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Wastes Project - Loan
1924, 1 Oct 2002
Project aims to improve the environment and promote economic
growth to improve the welfare and living conditions of rural households
by generating cleaner biomass energy and increasing agricultural
productivity through efficient utilization of agricultural wastes.
Gender analysis indicated several issues affecting women, one
of which is health risk. Health benefits for women would be a
result of cleaner cooking conditions and more time devoted to
more productive activities. A pilot poverty-focused component
on biomass production targets the poor and disadvantaged households.
Women's associations and local officials will be helped in mobilizing
the poor particularly women to participate in special training
programs on biomass technologies and take lead roles to train
other farmers. A gender specialist will assist project implementation
officers and women's groups in organizing training programs for
women on biogas digester operations, food processing, sanitation
and use of safe water, and management of income and programs will
take into consideration women's needs, i.e., shorter hours, proximity
to the house, and provision of baby sitters during training hours.
- Hebei Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project - Loan 1922, 17 Sep
2002
Improved efficiency and reliability of electricity supply in
the HSPG(Hebei South Power Grid) will provide safety and greater
productivity particularly for women. Focus group discussions and
consultations with women will identify appropriate programs especially
during the resettlement process by involving them in resettlement
activities, giving priority in terms of employment opportunities,
special financial incentives for small businesses and subsidy
assistance to female-headed households in housing construction.
An interdepartmental advisory board including the Women's Federation
and the Minority Affairs Bureau will be involved in the participatory
process. ZPSC(Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Company) will collaborate
with poverty reduction offices in coordinating activities for
the poor such as micro-finance programs, training and services
to start small and home-based businesses suitable for the poor
particularly women. Loan covenant ensures participation of women
in project activities.
- Southern Sichuan Roads Development Project - Loan 1918, 30
Aug 2002
Women will be encouraged to participate in planning and implementing
the project. Equal wages for men and women and elimination of
child labor in construction work are assured by the Government
and the EA. Reduced travel costs, greater availability of transport
and improved road surfaces will increase mobility of women including
minority groups and facilitate marketing of surplus produce and
ease the burden of fetching water and fuelwood.
- Acid Rain Control and Environmental Improvement Project - Loan 1890, 2001
Social and poverty assessments during project preparation included
a gender assessment financed under RETA 5889, which identified
need for environmental awareness campaigns and monitoring of
project impacts on women. Project
includes public awareness campaigns specifically targeting women;
labor retrenchment plans for affected industries will include
special provisions on women workers; women will be included
in capacity-building and training programs. Loan covenants require
that any labor retrenchment be in accordance with domestic labor
laws and applicable ADB policies, and include appropriate measures
to mitigate adverse consequences on all affected persons; also
require timely implementation of specified labor retrenchment
plans (but no reference to provisions on women workers).
- Guangxi Road Development - Loan 1851, 2001
Social and poverty assessment concluded that women would indirectly
benefit from project through improved access to markets; although
women represent only 15% of labor force for road construction,
they would be given equal opportunities and pay for construction
and other work under the project. Project
requires use of local labor for road and highway construction,
with labor teams (and team leaders) to be identified and trained
with assistance from the All-China Women's Federation. Covenants
in project agreement on use of local labor, GAD and health risks
are similar to those for Loan 1838.
- Ganzhou-Longyan Railway - Loan 1850, 2001
Public consultations during project preparation included meetings
with Ganzhou and Yudu County Women's Federation; social analysis
indicated no negative gender impacts associated with project.
Women will have employment opportunities under project; local
representatives of All-China Women's Federation will be involved
in implementation of resettlement plan; monitoring and evaluation
of project impacts will give special attention to female-headed
households. Loan
covenants on GAD and health risks are similar to those in
project agreements for Loans 1838 and 1851; loan agreement also
requires that half the unskilled labor for construction of project
facilities be hired from poor households (but no reference to
gender balance).
- Yellow River Flood Management Sector- Loan 1835, 2001
Gender analysis and participatory assessments were carried
out during project preparation. All village flood protection
subprojects, and flood control subprojects that require resettlement,
will include gender analysis, promote gender equity and follow
ADB's sectoral gender checklists. Covenants in loan
and project agreements support these design features and
also require monitoring of project impacts on women through
collection and analysis of gender-disaggregated data; consultation
with local members of the All China Women's Federation and incorporation
of their recommendations in project implementation; and equal
access for women to employment opportunities in subprojects.
- Shanxi Road Development- Loan 1838, 2001
Social and poverty assessment during project preparation included
meeting with members of Weinan City Women's Federation, who
noted indirect benefits of project for women through improved
access to health services, schools and markets. Monitoring and
evaluation system for project will track percentage of women
in labor force and wage levels for local road construction;
socioeconomic impacts of project will also be monitored by a
local institute. Covenants
in project agreement require use of local labor; general
compliance with ADB's Policy on GAD and encouragement to women
to participate in project activities, including construction
work; monitoring of project impacts on women in consultation
with the All-China Women's Federation at provincial and local
levels; and dissemination of information on risks of STDs to
construction workers and transport operators.
- Chongqing-Guizhou Roads Development Project - Loan 1783, 2000
Poverty assessments included gender analysis; women will have equal access to construction, operation and maintenance jobs under project; resettlement plan requires consultation with representatives of the All-China Women's Federation (ACWF) on entitlements, especially for female household heads. Loan covenants support efforts to encourage women's participation; monitoring of project impacts on women under the project monitoring system and resettlement plan, in consultation with the ACWF; and dissemination of information on sexually transmitted disease risks to construction workers and transport operators.
- Southern Yunnan Road Development - Loan 1691 1999
Special study was undertaken during project preparation to
assess likely positive and negative impacts on women; feeder
roads are expected to improve rural women's access to markets
and social services, but entail health risks, especially from
HIV transmission. Loan
covenants require training of all contract workers on health
issues; dissemination of information on STDs to road construction
workers and transport operators; monitoring of effects of project
on women through gender-disaggregated data collection; and consultation
between the executing agency and the All China Women's Federation
during implementation. Project's resettlement plan also provides
special assistance to female-headed households.
- Wind Power Development Project - Loan 1818, 2000
Special study of gender impacts, including consultations with community women, was conducted during project preparation. It identified several potential benefits of wind-powered energy for women, including reduced housework, improved health conditions and greater access to education for girls.
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