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Vehicle Emissions Reduction

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India: Emissions standards

Emission Regulation in India

1989 - Idle emission regulation

1991 - Mass emission regulation (CO and HC) - hot start; Indian driving cycle

1992 - Mass emission regulation for diesel vehicles

1995 - CAT converters for cars in four metros

1996 - Tightening of emission limits (CO, HC, NOx), evaporative emission, and crank case emission

1998 - Norms for CAT-fitted vehicles (standards made 50% tighter)

2000

  • India 2000 norms (Euro 1 equivalent) for all 4-wheelers
  • Bharat Stage II norms (Euro 2 equivalent) for passenger cars and MUVs
  • Extended to Mumbai and Kolkata from Jan 2001 and Chennai from July 2001
  • Tightest norms in the world for 2-wheelers

2001

  • Bharat Stage II norms for commercial vehicles in Delhi and Kolkata
  • Bharat Stage II norms for CVs in Mumbai and Chennai
source: Gandhi, "Vehicle Emission Standards in India"

Tables and graphs

Emission Estimates in Delhi - 1996 (000 tons)

Hydrocarbons

Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)

Particulate Matter (PM)

source: M. Walsh, 2-3 Wheelers in Asia and their Impact on the Environment

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