This indicator is aligned with SDG 3.
Total number of health services established and improved under ADB projects.
“Health services” refer to services that have been identified by DMCs as part of their essential or basic health services, or their national health insurance basic benefit packages. DMC identification can be through a formal policy statement or, in the absence of a formal policy statement, a written confirmation by senior government health officials.
“Improved” refers to health services that have their quality improved and/or their geographical, physical, and financial access expanded or enhanced including through the establishment of health facilities with ADB support.
“Establishment of health facilities” refers to the construction or upgrading of hospitals, health centers and other facilities that provide health services.
Health services that have been deemed essential or basic or included in national health insurance benefits by DMCs may include
• inpatient curative care or hospitalization services,
• inpatient surgical services,
• maternal delivery services,
• day curative care services,
• day or ambulatory surgical services,
• emergency care services,
• ambulance or transfer services,
• outpatient curative care services,
• home curative care services,
• rehabilitative care services,
• inpatient long-term health-care services,
• day long-term health-care services,
• outpatient long-term health-care services,
• vaccination services,
• medical diagnostic services,
• pharmacy services, and
• other relevant services as set out in the DMF.
For the purpose of this indicator, those services that have substantially achieved (at least 80% of target) a relevant outcome indicator in the project’s DMF are counted and reported.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This indicator is aligned with SDG 1.
Total number of social protection schemes established or improved under ADB projects.
“Improved social protection schemes” refer to policies and services (defined as social assistance, social insurance, and labor market programs) that have been revised or updated with ADB support to expand coverage and/or increase its benefits and make more efficient use of resources. These schemes include
• pension reform,
• insurance schemes, and
• other relevant schemes as set out in the DMF.
For the purpose of this indicator, those services that have substantially achieved (at least 80% of target) a relevant outcome indicator in the project’s DMF are counted and reported.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 8.
Total number of relevant measures that were supported in implementation with ADB support.
For the purpose of this indicator, “measures” refer to policies and regulations aimed at fostering ease of doing business for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs); micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs); and agribusiness, enabling use of new technology and innovative financing.
The measures could include adoption and support in implementation of
• policies that incorporate curriculum on entrepreneurship to help youth start their own business;
• incentives to promote entrepreneurship, relaxation of entry requirements ranging from registration, and taxes;
• policies and actions that promote or establish business incubators and technology parks for creating innovative enterprises;
• policies promoting transaction-based financing, value-chain financing, agriculture insurance, and crowdfunding; and
• other relevant measures as set out in the DMF.
“Support in implementation” refers to issuance of guidelines, rules, and regulations following the enactment of a law; and putting in place implementation arrangements and structures.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 8.
Total number of models for business development and financing established or improved with ADB support.
For the purpose of this indicator, the “models” refer to development and improvement of new external financing modalities (e.g., cash-flow-based financing, hybrid instruments, and equity instruments) and financial technology (FinTech), and new or enhanced models of business development for SMES, MSMES, and agribusiness (including the use of new technology).
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This indicator is aligned with SDG 8.
Total number of new and/or improved policies and standards related to physical working conditions and social protection developed and implemented under ADB-supported projects.
Improved labor policies and standards include implementation of core labor standards in ADB operations.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This indicator is aligned with an official SDG 9 indicator.
Total number infrastructure assets aimed at increased use by the poor and vulnerable established or improved under ADB projects.
Infrastructure assets include
• roads constructed or rehabilitated, measured by length of expressways and national highways and provincial, district, and rural road networks built or upgraded, expressed in kilometers;
• transport systems set up;
• electricity installed, generated, or transmitted;
• new or improved water and sanitation provided;
• flood-control facilities constructed, and flood forecasting and warning systems established;
• digital infrastructure; and
• other infrastructure assets as set out in the DMF.
“Upgrading” includes all activities to restore a degraded road to its original intended design capacity [repair or rehabilitation] and to improve on its design capacity; only upgrading of road signage is excluded.
“Electricity” comprises electricity sold commercially, both on and off grid. It includes self-generated electricity for those countries where access to electricity has been assessed through surveys by government or government agencies. The data do not capture unauthorized connections.
“New or improved water supply” refers to piped or nonpiped water supply systems that are of a higher order than the system that the households used before. “New or improved sanitation and waste management” refers to a variety of sanitation and waste management systems provided to households that are of higher order than the one previously being used.
“Digital infrastructure” refers to infrastructure that supports the digital ecosystem. These include provision of (i) connectivity, e.g., through fixed line and wireless networks, cable companies, and bandwidth providers, antennas, white spaces, and space-based technology; (ii) intelligent infrastructure devices (e.g., installation of sensors) and services to reduce costs, generate revenues, improve asset condition, improve engagement and productivity, and enhance social impacts; (iii) big data and insights with applicable security measures and access protocols to inform about developments and impact through digital service and content providers (data centers and information technology service companies to analyze and communicate content, etc.; (iv) end-user support and incubation services where businesses combine physical and digital products to stimulate the local economy and communities through hardware and software manufacturers (infrastructure equipment, device, software, and component manufacturers); and/or (v) other infrastructure services set out in the DMF.
For the purpose of this indicator, those assets that have substantially achieved (at least 80% of target) a relevant outcome indicator in the project’s DMF are counted and reported.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs and XARRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 8.
Total number of new financial products and services offered to the poor and vulnerable under ADB projects.
The new financial products and services include
• Credit;
• Savings;
• educational loans;
• mortgage loans, insurance;
• remittance;
• investment; and
• other products and services, such as microfinance, as defined in the DMF.
For the purpose of this indicator, those products and services that have substantially achieved (at least 80% of target) a relevant outcome indicator in the project’s DMF are counted and reported.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 10.
Total number of relevant measures that were supported in implementation with ADB support.
For the purpose of this indicator, “relevant measures” refer to policies, regulations, and/or business processes that are relevant to support an increase in inclusiveness. These could include
• a proportionate/tiered approach for observance of international financial standards;
• national financial inclusion strategies;
• promoting Islamic finance;
• regulatory frameworks for FinTech;
• capital market financing of MSMEs;
• strengthening financial infrastructure (credit reporting systems, collateral registries, including movables), and improving the efficiency and accessibility of retail payments;
• good practices for financial consumer protection—literacy, disclosure, and fair treatment and recourse;
• universal financial access; and
• other relevant measures as set out in the DMF.
“Support in implementation” refers to issuance of guidelines, rules and regulations following the enactment of a law; and putting in place implementation arrangements/structure.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This indicator is aligned with SDG 4, and is a proxy indicator related to SDG 5.
Total number of female students enrolled in technical and vocational education and training (TVET) or other job training, both full-time and part-time, under ADB projects.
“TVET” comprises formal and nonformal education and training, and informal learning related to the workplace. It includes the study of technologies and related sciences and the acquisition of practical skills, attitudes, understanding, and knowledge relating to occupations in various sectors of economic and social life. Through TVET, women and girls learn knowledge and skills from basic to advanced levels across a wide range of institutional and work settings.
“Other job training” refers to training outside the workplace that can stimulate job opportunities for women. This may include entrepreneurship training and other types of non-TVET training in employable skills.
Each student is counted only once, regardless of the number of years a student attends the education or training institution or of the number of inputs associated with improved quality systems the education or training institution receives. All students benefiting from cofinanced projects are included.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs).

This indicator is derived from an official SDG 8 indicator, and is a proxy indicator related to SDG 5.
Total number of women who open new bank accounts (regardless of amount, type of account, or purpose of account opening) over the course of ADB projects.
All women opening a new account, irrespective of whether they already had other bank accounts prior to the project, are counted for the purpose of this indicator.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 5 and 8.
Number of women-owned or -led SME end borrowers, or if not available, the number of women-owned or -led SME loan accounts opened (regardless of amount) over the course of the project.
Woman-owned or -led enterprise is defined as ≥ 51% owned by a woman or women, or ≥ 20% owned by a woman or women, and (i) has ≥ 1 woman as chief executive officer or president (i.e., senior-most executive) or chief operating officer or vice-president (i.e., second-most-senior executive); and (II) has ≥ 30% of the board of directors composed of women, where a board exists.
The definition of SMEs follows the definition generally used in the country of the project.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 5 and 9.
Total number of women and girls who benefit from the project offering new or improved infrastructure under ADB projects.
Benefit from new or improved infrastructure refers to
• use or new or improved water supply by women and girls;
• use of new or improved sanitation by women and girls;
• use of new or improved transport by women and girls;
• use of new or improved electricity connection (via energy distribution) by women and girls; and/or
• use of other improved infrastructure by women and girls as set out in the DMF and/or gender action plan (GAP).
In the absence of primary data, the number of women beneficiaries can be estimated from household-level data, based on average household composition.
Where cases of double-counting can be identified, the same individual benefiting from more than one new or improved infrastructure under different ADB projects is counted only once.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs and XARRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 4 and 5.
Total number of female students enrolled in science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) or nontraditional TVET, both full-time and part-time, under ADB projects.
STEM is an educational program developed to prepare primary and secondary students for college and graduate study in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.
Nontraditional TVET refers to learning programs related to sectors and fields dominated by men, such as automotive and mechanical repair, carpentry and construction, plumbing, metalwork, and electronic and electrical work.
Each individual is counted only once, regardless of the number of years a student attends the education or training institution.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This indicator is derived from a number of SDG 3 indicators, and is a proxy indicator related to SDG 5.
Total number of health services benefiting women and girls established or improved under ADB projects.
“Health services” refer to services within the scope of ADB projects, and include primary health-care, elderly, adolescent, reproductive, communicable and noncommunicable diseases, gender-based violence health services, and other services benefiting women and girls as set out in the DMF and/or GAP.
“Established” refers to new services made available to women and girls under the project. “Improved” refers to those services that have enhanced quality or increased access geographically, physically, or financially under the project.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

The indicator is aligned with SDG 5.
Total number of solutions under ADB projects to prevent or address gender-based violence.
“Gender-based violence” is used interchangeably with “violence against women” and is defined as all forms of violence that result in, or are likely to result in, physical, sexual, or psychological harm or suffering to women and girls, including threats of such acts, coercion, or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public or in private life.
“Solutions” refer to initiatives demonstrated and implemented by ADB projects to prevent or address gender-based violence. For the purpose of this indicator, the solutions include
• provision of shelters and livelihood assistance for survivors of gender-based violence,
• center- and community-based services,
• legal and mediation services,
• awareness-raising or information campaigns, and
• other relevant solutions as set out in the DMF and/or GAP.
These solutions exclude one-off activities.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 5.
Total number of women whose leadership capacity improved under ADB projects’ capacity-building initiatives.
“Capacity building initiatives” include training, mentoring, and other types of (as relevant to a specific project) aimed at developing or strengthening women’s leadership skills and potential.
“Improved capacity” refers to capacity certified through a vetted system of skills acquired, including through follow-on tracer studies. Where it is not possible to acquire this information, post-evaluation surveys could be used to determine increased capacity as a result of a capacity-building program.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 5
Total number of relevant measures that were supported in implementation under ADB projects.
For the purpose of this indicator, the measures refer to laws, regulatory or legislative frameworks, strategies, or policies on gender equality introduced under the project, covering both the public and private sectors.
Measures include
• setting targets or quotas for women in management positions;
• promoting women’s participation as voters and candidates in electoral processes;
• supporting women’s representation in governance institutions, including constitutional committees, parliaments, and the judiciary; and
• other relevant measures as set out in the DMF and/or GAP.
“Support in implementation” refers to issuance of guidelines, rules, and regulations following the enactment of a law; and putting in place implementation arrangements and/or structures.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 5.
Total number of time-saving or gender-responsive assets and/or services provided under ADB projects.
“Time-saving and gender-responsive infrastructure assets and/or services” refer to specific designs of projects in the water, sanitation, energy, or transport sectors that aim to free up women’s time and facilitate women’s participation in income-generating activities, educational opportunities, and decision-making.
Time-saving design examples include regular, safe, and clean water and electricity supply to households; safe and affordable transport; and roads to go to work, markets, schools, and hospitals.
Gender-responsive design examples include
• safe and adequate number of toilets for women and girls;
• separate sections or carriages for women in trains and buses;
• private breastfeeding corners or rooms in public areas;
• safe sidewalks for pedestrians;
• better lighting on streets and in stations; and
• other relevant designs as set out in the DMF and/or GAP.
For the purpose of this indicator, those assets and services that have substantially reached at least 80% of the target in the project’s DMF and/or GAP are counted and reported.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 5.
Total number of child and elderly care services established or improved under ADB projects.
“Childcare service” is the care, either full-time or part-time, of a child by a person other than the child’s legal guardians, typically performed by someone outside the child’s immediate family. It can be center- or facility-based, or home-based.
“Elderly care services” are specialized care services that are designed to meet the needs and requirements of senior citizens at various stages. They encompass assisted living and nursing care, adult day care, and home care.
“Established” refers to new services made available to women and girls under the project. “Improved” refer to those that have enhanced quality, or increased access geographically, physically, or financially.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs).

This indicator is aligned with SDG 1 and 13, and is a proxy related to SDG 5.
Total number of community-based initiatives that build the resilience of women and girls against external shocks under ADB projects.
Resilience-building community-based initiatives refer to activities that develop the sustained ability of a community to utilize available resources (e.g., energy, communication, transport, and food) to respond to, withstand, and recover from any crisis or emergency.
The initiatives include
• regular (and not just one-off) meetings;
• community-wide campaigns, dialogues, and actions;
• creating and disseminating information, including education and communication materials;
• capacity-building activities; and
• other relevant initiatives as set out in the DMF and/or GAP.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 5, 9, and 13.
Total number of climate and disaster-resilient infrastructure assets and/or services that benefit women and girls established or improved under ADB projects.
Climate and disaster-resilient infrastructure assets and/or services include
• flood-control systems;
• protective embankments;
• seawall rehabilitation;
• retrofitting of buildings;
• risk-sensitive planning, hazard mapping, ecosystem-based management, and disaster risk financing; and
• other relevant assets and services as set out in the DMF and/or GAP.
“Established” refers to new services made available to women and girls under the project. “Improved” refers to those that have enhanced quality or increased access geographically, physically, or financially.
For the purpose of this indicator, those assets and services that have substantially reached at least 80% of the target in the project’s DMF and/or GAP are counted and reported.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDGs 5 and 8.
Total number of savings and insurance schemes and initiatives for women implemented or established under ADB projects.
For the purpose of this indicator, savings and insurance schemes and initiatives that enable women to start or increase savings and acquire insurance in the event of unemployment, health, disability, work injury, and old age are counted.
“Schemes” refer to actual provision of savings and insurance; and initiatives can be in the form of capacity-building activities.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 1 and 5.
Total number of social assistance schemes for women and girls implemented or established under ADB projects.
For the purpose of this indicator, crisis-responding schemes that enable women and girls to recover from any crisis—securing food, clothing, and shelter and sustaining their sources of livelihood—are counted.
Social assistance schemes are provided to the most vulnerable with no other means of adequate support, such as for food, clothing, and shelter requirements. These can be in the form of cash allowances; food subsidies, stamps, or coupons; temporary shelters; or mobile health and education services.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is an official SDG 13 indicator.
Total volume of additional climate finance mobilized with ADB support.
For the purpose of this indicator, the total volume of mitigation finance mobilized for climate finance by DMCs will be included, excluding financing received from ADB’s own resources and from ADB’s externally managed funds.
Climate mitigation finance is based on a list of activities that are compatible with a low-emission pathway. Climate change mitigation activities reduce, limit, or sequester greenhouse gas emissions, as defined by the joint multilateral development bank (MDB) working group on climate finance, and as updated from time to time.
“Additional climate finance mobilized” refers to the volume of financial resources invested by public and private external parties alongside ADB’s resources for mitigation activities, as defined by the joint MDB technical working group on tracking climate cofinance, and related terms under the MDB task force on private investment mobilization.
Conversion of finance mobilized in local currency to value in US dollars will be done based on official currency exchange rate as at 31 December of the reporting year.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs and XARRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 13.
Total number of individuals reporting increased capacity in implementing mitigation and low-carbon development actions with ADB support, sex-disaggregated.
For the purpose of this indicator, training and/or capacity-building workshops on Intended Nationally Determined Contributions, Support on Article 6 of the Paris Agreement and Carbon Markets, policies in promoting low-carbon development and use of related technology, among other relevant capacity-building activities, will be used.
Individuals who participate in the above capacity-building activities and report and confirm that capacities have been built, including new knowledge or skills acquired, through post-evaluation surveys and/or reported or documented under the activity summary, will be counted for the purpose of this indicator.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This indicator is aligned with SDG 9, and is a proxy related to SDG 13.
Number of low-carbon infrastructure assets established and built.
Total number of low-carbon infrastructure assets established or improved with ADB support.
For the purpose of this indicator, “low-carbon infrastructure assets” refer to those that promote low-carbon development in DMCs by contributing to the decrease in greenhouse gas emissions, through new and/or rehabilitated infrastructure, modal shifts technology and models aimed at increased energy efficiency and/or sequestered carbon dioxide, and other relevant interventions as set out in the project’s DMF.
Low-carbon infrastructure assets include:
• New power generated from renewable energy, i.e., involving technologies, such as solar, wind, small or mini hydro, geothermal, and biomass. The asset may be either new construction or acquisition (e.g., acquisition of a government-owned small hydro plant by the private sector).
• Assets and activities that promote (i) urban rail- and bus-based mass transit systems built or upgraded; and (ii) modal shifts, including
o rail-based and bus-based mass transit systems, e.g., bus rapid transit, bus rapid transit lite, rubber-tired people movers, and rubber-tired personal rapid transit;
o shift from long-distance transport by truck to shipping (waterways); and
o activities reporting a substantial shift of passengers’ mode of transport, i.e., shift from private to more efficient public transport and/or from less-efficient to more-efficient transport.
“Upgrading” includes all activities to restore (repair or rehabilitate) a degraded mass transit system to its originally intended design capacity and to improve on its design capacity (e.g., by providing passing lanes at stations). Only upgrading of corridor signage is excluded.
For the purpose of this indicator, those assets that have substantially achieved (at least 80% of target) a relevant outcome indicator in the project’s DMF are counted and reported.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This indicator is a proxy related to SDG 13.
Aggregated additional capacity in megawatts (MW) resulting from generation projects using renewable energy sources.
Installed energy generation capacity from a renewable energy project is the rated capacity of a project or project component involving renewable energy technologies, such as solar, wind, small or mini hydro, geothermal, and biomass. The project may be either new construction or acquisition (e.g., acquisition of a government-owned small hydro plant by the private sector).
Performance measurement: Annual
For further guidelines, see ADB. 2011. Manual for Calculating Energy Output Indicators. Manila
Sources: PCRs, RRPs, and XARRs.

This indicator is a proxy related to SDG 9 and 13.
Number of low-carbon solutions promoted and implemented.
Total number of low-carbon solutions promoted and implemented by ADB.
For the purpose of the purpose of this indicator, low-carbon solutions refer to those measures, policies, and management mechanisms that promote low-carbon development in DMCs. These may include
• use of and implementation of technologies aimed at increased energy efficiency, including improved transmissions and distribution, retrofitting, and use of high-level technology;
• national and subnational policies and strategies that raise climate mitigation ambition or prioritize approaches that will reduce greenhouse gas emissions, including those under policy-based loans; and
• solutions aimed at greenhouse gas emission reductions or sequestration such as through land-use management, climate smart-agriculture, reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation schemes (e.g., reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation [REDD-plus]).
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 2 and 15.
Total area (hectares) with reduced flood risk under ADB projects.
Reduced flood risk is achieved through integrated flood risk management (IFRM) measures that support reducing flood events, reducing the potential impact that floods could have, or a combination of both. “Reduced flood risk” is counted as the area where such measures have been implemented, as defined in the project scope. The total area covered by IFRM implemented under the project will be counted for the purpose of this indicator.
Examples of IFRM measures include
• coastal management and basin-wide approaches that consider multiple sources of flooding and adopt a portfolio of structural and nonstructural measures;
• support for increasing upstream floodwater storage (dams, wetlands and floodplain restoration, and runoff controls for pervious surfaces);
• investments in channels, levee systems, walls, and culvert sizing to keep floodwater away from an area of floodplain;
• investments in nature-based solutions such as wetlands for IFRM;
• support for programmed operation and maintenance, inspection for structural integrity, and rehabilitation of past IFRM investments;
• investments in flood proofing and elevation of structures, including local (community-engaged) emergency warning systems, evacuation plans, shelters, and transport equipment; and
• other relevant measures as set out in the DMF.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs and XARRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 5 and 13.
Total number of initiatives over the course of the project that build the climate and disaster resilience capacity of women and girls.
Capacity development events include workshops, training programs, and other events for government staff, service providers, private sector employees, artisans (e.g., builders), farmers, community groups, women’s groups, students, and other relevant groups.
The events can cover any aspect of climate and disaster resilience such as climate and disaster risk assessments, hydrological forecasting, early warning systems, resilient engineering design, resilient agriculture, disaster risk financing, emergency response, post-disaster needs assessments, disaster response planning, recovery planning, and other relevant topics.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 1.
Total number of instruments providing contingent disaster financing or transferring disaster risk under ADB projects.
Contingent disaster financing involves preapproved lines of financing provided that can disburse in the immediate aftermath of a disaster to provide timely budget support, alleviating fiscal pressures. The achievement of agreed prior policy actions enables eligibility to disburse funds. However, funds only disburse, in part or in full, in the event of a preagreed trigger event.
Disaster risk transfer instruments entail regular, typically annual, payments of premiums and coupons in return for promises for compensation for losses caused by perils covered under the terms of a contract. They include infrastructure, property, crop, livestock, business interruption, and micro insurance products covering losses triggered by extreme weather and/or geophysical events. They also include sovereign and/or subsovereign parametric disaster insurance products, catastrophe bonds, and resilience bonds.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This indicator is aligned with SDG 11.
Total number of national and subnational climate change adaptation and disaster risk management plans supported in implementation with ADB support.
For the purpose of this indicator, formulation, adoption and/or support in implementation of plans covering all aspects of climate change adaptation and disaster risk management or focusing more specifically on climate change adaptation, disaster risk reduction, preparedness or response, will be counted and reported. The plans can include national plans, subnational plans, sector plans, and community plans. They can also include hazard-specific plans (e.g., on flood risk management).
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This indicator is aligned with SDG 9, and is a proxy indicator related to SDG 13.
Total number of infrastructure assets made climate and disaster resilient under ADB projects.
Infrastructure assets include buildings, roads, bridges, ports, airports, railway lines, power utilities, transmission lines, solid waste management facilities, water utilities, and irrigation.
This indicator covers infrastructure assets that incorporate or are retrofitted to incorporate measures to strengthen their physical ability to withstand the impacts of extreme weather events, geophysical hazards, sea level rise, and rising temperatures. These assets include
• transmission and distribution lines that incorporate measures such as “low-sag” conductors, increased height of poles supporting power lines, and installing conductors with hotter operating limits to address climate risks;
• mini and micro hydropower plants incorporating engineering options and designs including sediment removal technology, auxiliary spillways, settling basins, and underground power houses;
• dams strengthened to manage increased water flows from glacial melting and increased precipitation;
• wind turbines that are able to operate with and withstand higher wind speeds, gusts, and direction changes;
• roads built or improved that incorporate adjustment in the choice of construction materials (e.g., for road surfaces to avoid melting from higher temperatures); or raising crest level;
• base levels of ground floors of buildings raised above flood levels; seismic retrofitting with steel frames; tropical cyclone strapping of roofs;
• septic tanks and superstructures of public toilets, school toilets, and community latrines constructed above flood levels; and
• production tube wells with extended vertical upper-well casing above flood levels.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 3 and 9, with links to SDG 6 and 14.
Total number of infrastructure assets to enhance pollution control implemented with ADB support.
This indicator covers infrastructure assets that enhance pollution control in DMCs in terms of air and water quality, solid waste, and hazardous materials. It includes
• additional capacity to treat wastewater, including the rehabilitation of existing facilities, measured in terms of the additional amount of wastewater treated (cubic meters (m3) per day);
• development of solid waste management facilities or rehabilitation of existing facilities, measured in terms of the additional amount of municipal solid waste collected and treated (tons);
• technology to reduce pollution, measured in terms of the additional amount of reductions in
o hazardous inputs and emissions (tons)
o air emissions, including sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, PM10, PM2.5, and ozone-depleting substances such as chlorofluorocarbons and hydrochlorofluorocarbons
o Water consumption (m3 per day); and
• remediation of contaminated sites, waste dumps, and hazardous waste storage facilities.
For the purpose of this indicator, those assets that have substantially achieved (at least 80% of target) a relevant outcome indicator in the project’s DMF are counted and reported.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 12, with links to SDG 3 and 9.
Total number of solutions to enhance pollution control and resource efficiency implemented with ADB support.
Sustainable consumption and production promoted in manufacturing and production sectors, including agriculture, which are measured in terms of the proportion of projects (%) with measures including the following.
• Reducing material requirements and/or energy intensity for goods and services,
• enhancing material recyclability,
• extending product durability,
• maximizing the use of renewable resources, and
• other relevant solutions as set out in a project’s DMF
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

Some parts of this indicator are derived from SDG 14. It also is a proxy indicator related to SDG 2 and 15.
Total number of hectares of terrestrial, coastal, and marine areas conserved, restored, and/or enhanced with ADB support.
This includes hectares of
• terrestrial, coastal, and/or marine protected areas newly created and/or under improved management effectiveness as a result of projects;
• terrestrial, coastal, and/or marine areas (excluding protected areas) under improved practices as the result of projects; and
• terrestrial, coastal, and/or marine areas (excluding protected areas) restored as the result of projects.
The conservation, restoration, and/or enhancement of terrestrial, coastal, and marine areas implemented as stand-alone or components of projects can be catalyzed through private sector engagement, public–private partnerships (PPPs), green financing facilities, and green and blue bonds.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

Some parts of this indicator are derived from SDG 14. It also is a proxy indicator related to SDG 2 and 15.
Total number of solutions to conserve, restore, and/or enhance terrestrial, coastal, and marine areas and species implemented with ADB support.
For the purpose of this indicator, solutions are interventions that maintain and improve natural capital in DMCs in terms of terrestrial, coastal, and marine areas and species, specifically:
The solutions include
• conservation of habitat, biodiversity, and/or ecosystems;
• restoration of degraded areas;
• sustainable use and/or management of natural resources;
• sustainable agricultural production, while, for example, improving soil quality, minimizing the use of pesticides and herbicides, ensuring proper treatment of waste, and maintaining habits for wildlife and biodiversity;
• policy reform to change formal ruling—including laws, regulations, and institutions—for sustainable management of areas and species; various nature-based approaches such as integrated water resources management; green infrastructure; area-based conservation approaches, including protected area management; and ecosystem-based adaptation; and
• other relevant solutions as set out in a project’s DMF.
The solutions, implemented as stand-alone solutions or components of projects, can be catalyzed through private sector engagement, PPPs, green financing facilities, and green and blue bonds.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 2, 6, 7, and 15.
Total number of sustainable water–food–energy security nexus solutions implemented with ADB support.
The water–food–energy security nexus refers to the links between water security, food security, and energy security, where tradeoffs or actions in one area have positive impacts in one or both of the others.
Number of solutions implemented refers to initiatives where ADB projects demonstrated and implemented measures to improve the tradeoffs between water, food, and energy demands.
Water–food–energy security nexus solutions include
• support for efficiency measures along the entire agriculture value chain to save water and energy;
• reduced water usage in energy production;
• maximization of agricultural productivity with efficient use of water;
• measure to conserve energy in water distribution and treatment systems;
• demand management for water and energy as part of water sector operations, including the application of high-level technologies;
• adoption of policy support for integrated water resources management addressing specific food- and energy-related concerns; and
• other relevant solutions as set out in a project’s DMF.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 11.
Total number of service providers that demonstrated evidence of improved performance as a result of the ADB-supported operations.
Service providers may be any city and sub-city government, department, agency, or special purpose entity; or a private entity or utility operating in an urban area.
The providers include
• social service providers such as health, education, financial, social protection, skills development; and other public, private, and civil society agencies (e.g., elderly care, universal design for persons with disability, and technical and vocational skills development); and
• infrastructure service providers including public, private, and civil society utilities and agencies dealing with water, sanitation, housing, roads, drainage, stormwater management, flood protection, information and communication technology (ICT), energy, transport, and land management.
For the purpose of this indicator, improved performance may refer to public and private services that are delivered through public entities, private entities participating in public bidding, provided by state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and provided through PPPs.
Improved performance of service providers could be assessed based on the proportion of wastewater captured and treated, solid waste collected and treated; and utility asset maintenance system, operational cost recovery of utility, debt collection, and operating performance improved (based on ratio of operating costs covered by operating revenue that is greater than 1).
The only service providers counted and reported for the purpose of this indicator are those that have substantially achieved (at least 80% of target) a relevant outcome indicator in the project’s DMF that measures improvement of performance. This would be based on sector-specific standards for measuring improvements, including
• increase in urban infrastructure assets and utilities offering specific city services;
• increase in the proportion of urban health and education facilities offering specific services;
• increase in urban financial services through the availability of and access to new or improved credit, savings, insurance, loans, microfinance; and use of ICT to facilitate wider reach and cost-effective access of these services, particularly by women borrowers; and
• other relevant financial products services as set out in the DMF.
Indicators will be measured against the pre-project baseline conditions (i.e., urban residents’ satisfaction with services and infrastructure improved based on project-level surveys) to measure the change attributed to the project.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 11.
Total number of urban infrastructure assets established or improved under ADB projects.
Infrastructure assets include
• Urban roads constructed or rehabilitated, measured by length of road networks built or upgraded, expressed in kilometers. Upgrading includes all activities to restore a degraded road to its original intended design capacity (repair or rehabilitation) and improve on its design capacity. Only upgrading of road signage is excluded.
• Electricity facilities constructed or rehabilitated for generation, transmission or distribution of grid (expressed in gigawatt [GW] in 24 hours) and off-grid (expressed in total GW) energy. This includes self-generated electricity for countries where access to electricity has been assessed through surveys by government or government agencies. The data do not capture unauthorized connections.
• Urban water facilities constructed or rehabilitated for supply (expressed in m3) and sanitation (expressed in m3). New or improved water supply refers to piped or nonpiped water supply systems that are of a higher order than the system that the urban households used before. New or improved sanitation and waste management refers to a variety of sanitation and waste management systems provided to urban households that are of higher order than the one previously being used.
• Urban housing facilities constructed or upgraded for improved shelter and affordable housing systems.
• Urban green areas and parks constructed and upgraded.
• Increased telecommunication and ICT infrastructure in urban areas.
• Other relevant assets as set out in the DMF.
The above includes upgrading of urban and peri-urban informal settlements through provision of basic infrastructure services, where relevant.
For the purpose of this indicator, those assets that have substantially achieved (at least 80% of target) a relevant outcome indicator in the project’s DMF are counted and reported. The indicator will be measured against the pre-project baseline conditions to assess change attributed to the project.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs and XARRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 11.
Total number of measures supported in implementation to facilitate the ability of city and sub-city entities to plan, design, monitor, and evaluate through policy, regulatory, and institutional strengthening.
For the purpose of this indicator, relevant measures refer to policies, practices, and regulations established at the city and/or sub-city level. This includes measures undertaken by the city government to improve the clarity of functional assignments, performance monitoring, policy frameworks, compliance mechanisms, and implementation mechanisms to target public management functions.
Measures could include enhancing the competitiveness of a city by adopting and implementing a set of policies and institutions that help improve its economic performance.
The measures include
• introducing single-window clearance procedures;
• opening sectors hitherto reserved for the public sector to private investment;
• introducing PPP policy and guidelines, secured transactions, and business registries;
• creating business advisory centers;
• improving human resource and administrative practices for civil service and public administration;
• improving transparency and business processes of procurement practices; and
• other relevant measures as set out in the DMF.
“Supported in implementation” refers to the issuance of guidelines, rules, and regulations following the enactment of a law; and putting in place an implementation unit or other related arrangements and/or structures. This includes changes in policies, laws, and institutional structures to improve governance and processes that help stakeholders influence and share control over development initiatives and the decisions and resources that affect them.
In the case of a decentralization measure taken by the national government that affects all subnational entities, this measure should be computed for every entity where direct impact can be verified.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 11.
Total number of measures supported in implementation to facilitate the ability of city and sub-city entities to manage public financial resources to deliver services.
For the purpose of this indicator, relevant measures refer to policies, practices, and regulations established at the city and/or sub-city level that adopt or enforce principles of transparency and accountability in procurement and financial management.
This indicator assesses the extent to which there is a comprehensive and credible budget linked to policy priorities; effective financial management systems to ensure that the budget is implemented as intended in a controlled and predictable way; and timely and accurate accounting and fiscal reporting, including timely audit of public accounts and effective arrangements for follow-up. They include
• introducing medium-term budget and expenditure frameworks,
• improving budget implementation and fiscal marksmanship,
• integrating capital and recurrent budgets and improving cash management systems,
• use of an automated debt management and recording system,
• improving tax policy and administration policies and processes,
• ensuring prompt reconciliation of bank balances through the treasury single account system and releasing of budget reports, and
• other relevant measures as set out in the DMF.
“Supported in implementation” refers to the issuance of guidelines, rules, and regulations following the enactment of a law; and putting in place an implementation unit or other related arrangements and/or structures. This includes changes in policies, laws, and institutional structures to improve governance and processes that help stakeholders influence and share control over development initiatives and the decisions and resources that affect them.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 11 and 12.
Total number of solutions to enhance urban environment implemented with ADB support.
Solutions to enhance urban environment include (i) managing pollution and/or any other acts and/or substances that damage the environment; (ii) conserving, restoring, and/or improving natural capital; and (iii) promoting efficient use of natural resources and material consumption.
For the purpose of this indicator, solutions refer initiatives that improve environmental management, including pollution control, in DMCs in terms of land and forest resources, air and water quality, noise, energy efficiency, biodiversity, solid waste management, and hazardous materials. They include
• additional capacity to treat wastewater, including the rehabilitation of existing facilities, measured in terms of the additional amount of wastewater treated (m3/day);
• development of solid waste management facilities or rehabilitation of existing facilities, measured in terms of the additional amount of municipal solid waste collected and treated (tons);
• technology to reduce pollution, measured in terms of the additional amount of reductions in hazardous inputs and emissions (tons); air emissions, including sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, PM10, PM2.5, and ozone-depleting substances such as chlorofluorocarbons and hydrochlorofluorocarbons; water consumption (m3/day) and remediation of contaminated sites, waste dumps, and hazardous waste storage facilities;
• technology to reduce greenhouse gas and carbon emissions from transport, buildings (city heat island effect), water supply, wastewater treatment and waste-to-energy facilities as well as greenhouse gas mitigation through city green areas versus built areas;
• sustainable consumption and production promoted in manufacturing and production sectors, measured in terms of the proportion of projects (%) with measures for reducing material requirements and/or energy intensity for goods and services; and enhancing material recyclability, extending product durability, and maximizing the use of renewable resources;
• access to and use of maintained and/or improved natural capital through the protection and sustainable use of natural resources, including habitats and biodiversity under the project, which covers terrestrial, coastal, and marine areas that will benefit from better goods and services as a result of efficient use of resources, including energy efficiency and waste reduction, through the promotion of circular economy principles, the implementation of innovative policy instruments for environmental management, enforcement of regulations, and the development of green businesses sectors, such as investments in sustainable tourism and the adoption of sustainable practices among producers and consumers; and
• other relevant solutions as set out in a project’s DMF.
For the purpose of this indicator, formulation, adoption and/or ADB support in implementation of plans covering all aspects of urban environment, climate change adaptation and disaster risk management, and disaster preparedness or response will be counted and reported. The plans can include city plans, sub-city plans, sector plans, and community plans. They can also include hazard-specific plans (e.g., on flood risk management).
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 11.
Total number of initiatives over the course of the project that build the climate and disaster resilience capacity of people in urban areas.
Increased capacity refers to knowledge and capability acquired measured through reliable verification mechanisms, such as the report of a training coach, post-training test, or post-training survey, based on the needs of specific contexts.
Capacity development events include workshops, training programs, and other events for government staff, service providers, private sector employees, artisans (e.g., builders), informal settlements, community groups, women’s groups, students, etc.
The events can cover any aspect of climate and disaster resilience, such as climate and disaster risk and vulnerability assessments, climate-resilient infrastructure, reducing transport congestion, clean and renewable energy, energy-efficient green buildings, building heating and cooling, city energy planning, nonmotorized transport, hydrological forecasting, early warning systems, resilient engineering design, urban agriculture, disaster risk financing, emergency response, post-disaster needs assessments, disaster response planning, recovery planning, and other relevant topics.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This indicator is aligned with SDG 9, and is a proxy indicator related to SDG 2.
Total number of rural infrastructure assets established or improved under ADB projects.
Infrastructure assets include
• rural roads constructed or rehabilitated, measured by length of rural road networks built or upgraded, expressed in kilometers; upgrading includes all activities to restore a degraded road to its original intended design capacity (repair or rehabilitation) and improve on its design capacity; only upgrading of road signage is excluded;
• rural electricity facilities constructed or rehabilitated for generation, transmission, or distribution of grid (expressed in GW in 24 hours) and off grid (expressed in total GW) energy; they include self-generated electricity for those countries where access to electricity has been assessed through surveys by government or government agencies; and the data do not capture unauthorized connections;
• rural water facilities constructed or rehabilitated for supply (expressed in m3) and sanitation (expressed in m3); new or improved water supply refers to piped or nonpiped water supply systems that are of a higher order than the system that the rural households used before; and new or improved sanitation and waste management refers to a variety of sanitation and waste management systems provided to rural households that are of higher order than the one previously being used;
• increased telecommunication and ICT infrastructure in the rural areas; and
• other relevant assets as set out in the DMF.
For the purpose of this indicator, those assets that have substantially achieved (at least 80% of target) a relevant outcome indicator in the project’s DMF are counted and reported.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs and XARRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 2.
Total number of companies providing new or improved nonagricultural goods and services from rural nonfarm activities under ADB projects.
For the purpose of this indicator, “companies” refer to direct and indirect clients of ADB, such as borrowers, sub-borrowers, ultimate fund users, suppliers, and distributors.
Rural nonfarm economic activities are activities not related to agricultural production but are part of agricultural value chains. These include agroprocessing, transport, distribution, marketing, and retail, as well as other economic activities in the rural space, such as tourism, manufacturing, construction, mining, and other self-employment activities.
Nonagricultural goods and services comprise industrial or manufactured goods such as textiles, fuels, footwear, forestry products, etc.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs and XARRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 2, 4, and 8.
Total number of rural health care, rural education, and rural financial services improved as a result of ADB projects with emphasis on farming communities
“Rural health care services” refer to:
• the availability and access to medical professionals and practitioners (i.e., doctors, nurses, health care workers);
• health care and emergency facilities and services, medicines and medical supplies; and
• other relevant services as set out in the DMF.
Alternative ways of accessing health care, such as telehealth, are also included. Telehealth refers to the use of telecommunications and virtual technology to deliver health care outside of traditional health-care facilities. Through telehealth, health-care workers in rural and remote areas can seek advice and guidance from professionals located elsewhere in diagnosing their patients through computers and the internet.
Rural education services refer to:
• the availability and access to schools and learning facilities at the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels;
• technical and vocational education opportunities; and
• other related services as set out in the DMF.
Alternative ways of learning such as tele-education or eLearning/online learning are also included. Tele-education uses ICT to deliver course content remotely, either in real-time or self-paced.
“Rural financial services” refer to:
• the availability and access to new or improved credit, savings, insurance, loans, microfinance;
• use of ICT to facilitate wider reach and cost-effective access of these services, particularly by women borrowers; and
• other relevant financial products services as set out in the DMF.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs and XARRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 2.
Total number of rural economic hubs supported under ADB projects.
Rural economic hubs refer to growth centers or small towns set amid a sizable hinterland of rural farming and crop production, where establishment of agroprocessing facilities and agribusinesses, would positively impact growth and value addition.
Rural economic hubs consolidate economic activities associated with the storage, processing, marketing, and distribution of agricultural products. The economic hubs simulate one-stop shops for producers to store, process, and market their produce. They can offer facilities and services to access quality farm inputs, mechanization services, and technical and extension advisory services. The hubs are also one-stop shops for food distributors or consumers to buy agricultural products wholesale or retail for further distribution or direct consumption.
“Supported” refers to infrastructure development and policy incentives to attract private and public investment and other relevant measures.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 2.
Total number of wholesale markets and agri-logistics centers established or improved under ADB projects.
Wholesale markets are very large physical markets where wholesalers receive and buy agricultural products from producers (farmers, farmer cooperatives, and producer groups). These products are then sold in bulk or in large quantities to store owners or consumers at a lower price than retail.
Modern wholesale markets comprise efficient market infrastructure with auction floors, cold storage space, transport and financial service providers, and food safety and traceability certification services.
“Established” refers to newly created wholesale markets (i.e., physical infrastructure and facilities, and services). “Improved” refers to upgrades (i.e., physical infrastructure and facilities, and services) made to existing wholesale markets.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs and XARRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 2.
Total number of storages, agri-logistics, and modern retail assets established or improved as a result of ADB projects.
“Storages” refer to cold chain infrastructure, including cold storages, refrigerated trucks, and related communication technologies associated with the storage and preservation of agricultural produce. Most of the infrastructure assets are financed and managed by private sector companies.
“Agri-logistics” refer to facilities, services, standards, technologies, and systems related to product packaging, product grading, food safety, market information, cold chain, and policy incentives.
“Modern retail assets” refer to supermarkets, convenience stores, and other corporate retail stores distributing food products with optimal choices, value for money, and convenience to the final consumers.
“Established” refers to newly created storage and agri-logistics assets (i.e., physical infrastructure and facilities, services, standards, technologies, and systems).
“Improved” refers to upgrades to existing storage and agri-logistics assets (i.e., physical infrastructure and facilities, services, standards, technologies, and systems).
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs and XARRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 2.
Total number of agribusinesses that have integrated farmers in efficient value chains as a result of ADB projects.
“Agribusinesses” refer to businesses in the food and agriculture value chain, including agricultural input producers and distributors, corporate farms, processors, traders, logistics providers, fast-moving consumer good companies, and retailers.
Agricultural value chains comprise a set of actors and activities that bring a basic agricultural product from production in the field to final consumption, where at each stage value is added to the product, measured in sales ($). Adding value locally is a key industrial objective in all DMCs, benefits farmers, and makes value chains more sustainable.
“Integrated” refers to cooperatives, farmer groups, and producer groups that are linked with agribusiness activities (e.g., contract farming).
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 2.
Total number of food safety and traceability standards improved under ADB projects.
“Food safety” is the absence, or safe, acceptable levels, of hazards in food that may harm the health of consumers. These hazards can be microbiological, chemical, or physical in nature and are often invisible to the naked eye, such as bacteria, viruses, and pesticide residues.
“Food traceability” is the ability to discern, identify, and follow the movement of a food or substance intended or expected to be incorporated into a food through all stages of production, processing, and distribution.
“Food safety and traceability standards” refer to the international food standards of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. They comprise codes of practice, codes of hygiene practices, guidelines, and other recommendations established to protect the health of the consumers and to ensure fair practices in the food trade. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations calls this collection of food standards and related texts the Codex Alimentarius (http://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/en/). The Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures specifically identifies Codex standards, guidelines, and recommendations as the international benchmark for food safety.
“Improved” refers to upgrades or improvements on, or better enforcement or adoption of, existing food safety and traceability standards based on food safety audits and good practices at the international, regional, and country levels.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 2 and 15.
Total land area, expressed in hectares, improved through climate-resilient irrigation infrastructure and water delivery services under ADB projects.
Irrigation and water delivery involve the supply of water to the fields from a river, canal, lake, reservoir, or ground water. The climate-resilient infrastructure refers to infrastructure that can withstand weather irregularities.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs and XARRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 2.
Total number of farmers, sex-disaggregated, using quality farm inputs and sustainable mechanization as a result of ADB projects, sex-disaggregated.
“Farmers” are individuals whose job function involves livestock and/or agriculture.
“Farm inputs” refer to fertilizers and chemicals, seeds and planting materials, and machinery and equipment. Production and distribution of agricultural inputs and equipment, and crop marketing are private sector businesses. Quality farm inputs must not cause risks and threats to public health, damage to the environment, market failure, or require high purchase and maintenance costs.
Agricultural mechanization refers to farming and processing technologies, from simple and basic hand tools to more sophisticated and motorized equipment to ease hard labor, that relieve labor shortages, improve productivity and timeliness of agriculture operations, improve efficient use of resources, enhance market access, and contribute to mitigating climate-related hazards. Mechanization becomes sustainable if it considers technological, social, environmental, and cultural factors to ensure sustainable development of the agriculture sector.
“Using” refers to deployment of farm inputs and mechanization to enable farmers complete their on-farm activities.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 2.
Total land area, expressed in hectares, of commercial farming supported under ADB projects.
“Commercial farming” constitutes multiple private commercial farms of medium or large scale. Compared with smallholder or subsistence agriculture, commercial farming involves larger-scale crop production and livestock grazing for widespread distribution and sale.
“Supported” refers to the financial assistance, governance schemes, policies, and other supporting factors that contribute to the consolidation of small farms (including those managed by youth and women agricultural entrepreneurs) and their transition to business-oriented and commercial farming for sales.
“Total land area” refers to aggregated additional coverage (compared to pre-project baselines) converted to commercial farms.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 2.
Total number of modern knowledge-intensive corporate farming models introduced under ADB projects.
A corporate farming model is characterized by business ownership and access to resources, business management, and sources of capital for the business. Corporate farming enhances profitability, promotes risk sharing and thereby more effective risk management, facilitates business succession, and increases access to capital for growth and operation while reducing reliance on debt.
Modern knowledge-intensive agriculture uses ICT to store, share, and analyze data to create information. These technologies include sensors, the Internet of Things (the complex interconnection of things to continuously exchange data), cloud computing, and data mining. It also includes ICT in agriculture that connects farmers and supports applications and services such as for irrigation scheduling and land management, and other relevant technologies.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 16 and 17.
Total number of government officials, normalized by the size of bureaucracy, whose abilities to design, implement, monitor, and evaluate relevant measures has improved under the projects, sex disaggregated.
Relevant measures refer to policies and regulations that target improvements in public management functions and financial stability, e.g., fiscal sustainability programs aimed at helping the government implement policy reforms for improved public finances and investments, strengthened fiscal sustainability, and private sector development.
Increased capacity refers to knowledge and capability acquired measured through reliable verification mechanisms, e.g., the report of a training coach, a post-training test, or a post-training survey, according to the context.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 17.
Total number of relevant measures that were supported in implementation with ADB support. Public organizations comprise organizations that are owned and operated by the government and exist to provide services for its citizens. Public organizations do not seek to generate a profit. Public organizations include public companies, ministerial and municipal departments, utilities, state-owned enterprises (SOEs), etc.
For the purpose of this indicator, “measures” refer to policies, regulations, and/or business processes that are relevant to support private sector and finance sector development.
This includes introducing single-window clearance procedures, opening sectors hitherto reserved for public sector to private investment; introducing public–private partnership (PPP) policy and guidelines, secured transactions, business registries; and creating business advisory centers and technical and vocational education and training (TVET) in entrepreneurship.
“Supported in implementation” refers to issuance of guidelines, rules, and regulations following the enactment of a law; and putting in place implementation arrangements and/or structures. This includes issuance of implementing rules and regulations, setting up of an implementation unit, and other relevant measures.
In the case of a decentralization measure taken by the national government that affect all subnational entities, this measure should be computed for every entity where direct impact can be verified.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 1 and 17.
Total number of relevant measures that were supported in implementation with ADB support.
For the purpose of this indicator, “measures” refer to policies, practices, and regulations that are relevant to maintain macro-fiscal stability, debt management, banking (e.g., financial regulation and supervision), and capital markets. On the public financial management side in terms of building fiscal space to manage shocks, these measures would need to include policies that relate to expenditure, revenue, debt, and fiscal balance as well as policies focused on broadening the economic base and improving social welfare policies that would enhance the overall resilience of a system. Examples include introducing public debt management strategy, a bank stress testing framework, and other relevant measures.
“Supported in implementation” refers to issuance of guidelines, rules, and regulations following the enactment of a law; and putting in place implementation arrangements and/or structure. This includes issuance of implementing rules and regulations, setting up of an implementation unit, and other relevant measures.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 16.
Total number of measures that adopt or enforce principles of transparency and accountability in procurement and financial management.
“Measures” include policy frameworks, compliance mechanisms, implementation mechanisms, etc.
This indicator assesses the extent to which there is a comprehensive and credible budget linked to policy priorities; effective financial management systems to ensure that the budget is implemented as intended in a controlled and predictable way; and timely and accurate accounting and fiscal reporting, including timely audit of public accounts and effective arrangements for follow-up.
This includes the use of a consistent budget classification system, effective monitoring mechanisms of public expenditures, the use of financial management information systems, compliance with Government Finance Statistics classification, governments online grievance redress mechanism, and timely preparation of annual financial reports and financial statements.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 16.
Total number of service delivery standards introduced and/or improved with ADB support.
Introduction and/or improvement of service delivery standards refers to sector-related best practice standards in service delivery, including the application of advanced technologies and anticorruption measures to service delivery.
This includes:
• the Standards for Health Promotion in Hospitals, Guidelines on Quality Management in Multidisciplinary Occupational Health Services, and Providers and Quality of Care;
• the Framework for International Education Standards, Guiding Principles for Implementing a Learning Outcomes Approach; and
• other relevant standards as set out in the DMF.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 17.
Total number of measures introduced and/or supported in implementation to facilitate the ability of subnational entities to manage public resources to deliver services.
For the purpose of this indicator, “measures” refer to policies, practices, and regulations established at national and/or subnational level. This also includes measures undertaken by the national government to improve clarity of functional assignments, intergovernmental fiscal systems, and performance monitoring.
This includes
• introducing medium-term budget and expenditure frameworks,
• improving budget implementation and fiscal marksmanship,
• integrating capital and recurrent budgets,
• improving cash management systems and the use of automated debt management and recording systems, and
• other relevant measures as set out in the DMF.
“Support in implementation” refers to issuance of guidelines, rules, and regulations following the enactment of a law; and putting in place of implementation arrangements and/or structures. This includes issuance of implementing rules and regulations, the setting up of an implementation unit, and other relevant measures.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 16.
Total number of measures targeting improvements in SOE management and functions through ADB-supported operations.
An SOE is a legal entity established to undertake commercial activities and owned fully or largely by the sovereign.
“Measures to strengthen governance” refer to good practices such as framing regulation, mandatory compliance to corporate governance rules and submission of the compliance reports to the concerned ministry, development of capacity and provision of implementation support for enhancing transparency and disclosure, and capacity development of regulatory bodies and improvements to existing oversight mechanisms.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 16.
Total number of citizen engagement mechanisms adopted with ADB support.
“Citizen engagement” is defined as the two-way interaction between citizens and governments or the private sector within the scope of ADB interventions. This approach gives citizens a stake in decision-making to improve the intermediate and final development outcomes. The approach to mainstreaming citizen engagement should be guided by three criteria: (i) it is results-focused, (ii) it seeks to strengthen country systems, and (iii) it is context-specific.
This includes consultations; grievance redress mechanisms; collecting, recording, and reporting on inputs received from beneficiaries; capacity building for engagement; citizen and/or community collaboration on planning and/or executing a policies, programs, or projects; citizen and/or community monitoring, evaluation, and oversight; and empowering citizens and/or communities with resources and decision-making power.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This indicator is aligned with SDG 9 and 17.
Total number of transport assets established or improved contributing to regional connectivity.
ADB operations fulfilling any or all of the following criteria will be used for the purpose of this indicator: (i) types of cross-border infrastructure, e.g., transport subsectors and multimodal transport; (ii) national infrastructure directly linked to cross-border infrastructure, e.g., road infrastructure connecting to ports or airports; (iii) border crossing point facilities; or (iv) technology-based innovation such as the use of ICT.
Assets for the purpose of this indicator will include
• road connectivity (expressed in kilometers of road built or upgraded, widened, or rehabilitated or other relevant metrics);
• rail connectivity (expressed in kilometers of railways built or upgraded or other relevant metrics);
• port and airport infrastructure connectivity (expressed in metric tons of handling capacity); and
• other relevant assets as set out in a project’s DMF.
For the purpose of this indicator, those assets that have substantially achieved (at least 80% of target) a relevant outcome indicator in the project’s DMF are counted and reported.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 9.
Total number of relevant measures that were undertaken with ADB support.
“Measures” refer to national or intercountry actions that supported the development, adoption, or implementation of improvements related to regional cooperation and integration (RCI) such as policies, regulations, and procedures; frameworks; capacity building; agreements; standards; policy dialogue; and other relevant measures.
“Measures to improve the efficiency and/or productivity of cross-border connectivity” include the adoption and/or implementation of
• regional or subregional investment frameworks;
• regional or subregional master plans;
• transport facilitation agreements;
• harmonized transport or energy policies and/or technical standards;
• investment plans for renewable energy integration;
• frameworks for sharing energy capacity reserves;
• a regional railway strategy;
• road and rail transport interoperability;
• aligned infrastructure planning and management and road safety;
• operation and maintenance plans; and
• other relevant measures as set out in the DMF.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This indicator is aligned with SDG 7.
Aggregated additional capacity in megawatts (MW) resulting from generation, transmission, and distribution projects using renewable and clean energy sources.
Results from operations classified as RCI contributing to cross-border energy trade will be used for the purpose of this indicator.
“Installed or improved capacity” from a renewable energy project is the rated capacity of a project or project component involving renewable energy technologies such as solar, wind, small or mini hydro, geothermal, or biomass.
Installed or improved capacity from a clean energy project is the total incremental capacity of a project sourced from clean sources.
A project may involve new construction, rehabilitation, upgrading, or acquisition of an asset (e.g., acquisition of a government-owned small hydro power plant by the private sector).
Calculation for installed capacity using clean or renewable energy is the aggregate of the following categories
(i) MW capacity of new construction projects,
(ii) Incremental MW as a result of rehabilitation or upgrading projects, and
(iii) MW-equivalent of natural gas capacity added.
For further guidelines, see ADB. 2011. Manual for Calculating Energy Output Indicators. Manila.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This indicator is aligned with SDG 17.
Total number of relevant regional or subregional mechanisms created or operationalized with ADB support.
“Mechanisms” refer to established or functioning institutions; working groups or committees; operational clusters; and technical advisory bodies that meet periodically with clear terms of reference, meaningful agenda items, and tangible outputs to support coordination and cooperation among DMCs.
For a mechanism to be considered operationalized, it should fulfill at least one of the following criteria: (i) it is involved in the implementation of an ADB-supported RCI-classified program or project, or (ii) its activities have led to the initiation of an ADB-supported RCI project or a program.
Examples of regional or subregional mechanisms to enhance coordination and cooperation among DMCs in energy, transport, or ICT connectivity include
• transport associations or platforms,
• power transmission utility platforms,
• regional power exchange centers,
• port or airport authorities,
• infrastructure standards and standards accreditation bodies or authorities, and
• other relevant mechanisms as set by a project’s DMF
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 17.
Total number of relevant measures that were undertaken with ADB support.
“Measures” refer to national or intercountry actions that supported the development, adoption, or implementation of RCI-related improvements such as policies, regulations and procedures, frameworks, capacity building, agreements, standards, policy dialogue, knowledge sharing, and other relevant measures.
For the purpose of this indicator, measures include
• support for implementation of agreements such as the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Economic Community, the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership, and the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership;
• key milestones defined in policy-based operations focused on prioritized national trade facilitation activities and trade-related institutional coordination;
• knowledge work on (i) the impact of nontariff barriers for SMEs and rural businesses; (ii) subregional trade facilitation, which builds capacity for border agencies and their coordination to ease constraints; and (iii) intersubregional knowledge sharing on trade facilitation regarding best practices globally and from DMCs; and
• other relevant measures as set out in the DMF.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 17.
Total number of relevant measures that were undertaken with ADB support.
“Measures” refer to national or intercountry actions that supported the development, adoption, or implementation of RCI-related improvements such as policies, regulations and procedures, frameworks, capacity building, agreements, standards, policy dialogue, and other relevant measures; and private-sector-led actions that generated cross-border trade and investments.
For the purpose of this indicator, measures include
• key policy or regulatory reforms, or new policy implementation approaches (e.g., spatial data and new methods of economic analysis used to determine the wider RCI dimensions of economic corridors) enabling or prioritizing new private, public–private partnership (PPP), and/or public sector investment designed to achieve more inclusive cross-border opportunities for businesses through economic corridor development in lagging areas;
• coordinated border management of customs, immigration, quarantine (e.g., support for sanitary and phytosanitary measures agreed under the World Trade Organization), and security reforms; and logistics investments in agriculture warehousing and urban nodes;
• private-sector-led actions including those enabling firm agglomeration, encouraging business innovation, and improving participation in cross-border production and service networks (e.g., tourism), linking domestic, regional, and global value chains; and
• other relevant measures as set out in the DMF.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 17.
Total number of relevant measures that were undertaken with ADB support.
“Measures” refer to national or intercountry actions that supported the development, adoption, or implementation of RCI-related improvements such as policies, regulations and procedures, frameworks, capacity building, agreements, standards, policy dialogue, knowledge sharing, and other relevant measures.
For the purpose of this indicator, measures include systems links among financial intermediaries and/or institutions, regional export credit agencies to facilitate intra- and interregional trade and investment, foster standardization of market practices and harmonization of regulations for cross-border bond transactions, and development of an enabling environment for modern financial technology.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 17.
Total number of relevant regional or subregional mechanisms created or operationalized with ADB support. Established or functioning institutions, working groups or committees, operational clusters, technical advisory bodies that meet periodically with clear terms of reference, meaningful agenda items, and tangible outputs to support coordination and cooperation among DMCs.
For a mechanism to be considered operationalized, it should fulfill at least one of the following criteria: (i) it is involved in the implementation of an ADB-supported RCI-classified program or project; or (ii) its activities have led to the initiation of an ADB-supported RCI project or a program.
Examples of regional or subregional mechanisms to enhance coordination and cooperation among DMCs on trade, finance, and multisector economic corridors include
• economic corridor committees,
• urban development working groups,
• trade facilitation working groups,
• subregional finance sector and trade finance forums,
• local government forums,
• and other relevant measures as set out in the DMF.
Performance measurement: Annual

Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 13 and 17.
Total number of relevant measures that were undertaken with ADB support.

“Measures” refer to national or intercountry actions that supported the development, adoption, or implementation of RCI-related improvements such as policies, regulations and procedures, frameworks, capacity building, agreements, standards, policy dialogue, and other relevant measures.
For the purpose of this indicator, measures include
• Preparation of city-level clean air action plans and regional knowledge sharing;
• going beyond nonmarket mechanisms to develop domestic carbon market mechanisms and emission-trading schemes;
• linking these domestic markets to one another (e.g., a knowledge operation supporting low-carbon development through carbon markets);
• promoting climate change resilience through interventions such as regional risk modeling and risk transfer solutions, disaster risk financing, and ecosystem-based adaptation approaches; and
• other relevant measures as set out in the DMF.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 15 and 17.
Total number of relevant measures that were undertaken with ADB support.
Measures refer to national or intercountry actions that supported the development, adoption, or implementation of RCI-related improvements such as policies, regulations and procedures, frameworks, capacity building, agreements, standards, policy dialogue, and other relevant measures.
For the purpose of this indicator, “measures” include
• cross-border energy and natural resource management; addressing transboundary water and air pollution; waste management; and protection of biodiversity, e.g., within established biodiversity conservation corridors; green and blue bond financing;
• reducing risks to transboundary natural resources in inland and coastal areas; and the development of related economic activity through the promotion of sound shared environmental management and regional tourism, agritourism, or ecotourism based on shared biodiversity; and
• other relevant measures as set out in the DMF.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 3 and 17.
Total number of relevant measures that were undertaken with ADB support.
“Measures” refer to national or intercountry actions that supported the development, adoption, or implementation of RCI-related improvements such as policies, regulations and procedures, frameworks, capacity building, agreements, standards, policy dialogue, knowledge sharing, advocacy and awareness campaigns, and other relevant measures.
For the purpose of this indicator, measures include
• support for (i) health infrastructure; (ii) health software, including hospital accreditation, mutual recognition agreements for health professionals, regulatory policies for medical goods, quarantine arrangements, and e-health initiatives for regional health solutions; and (iii) institutional capacity for surveillance and pandemic preparedness;
• distance learning and internet access through ICT tools, subregional harmonization and alignment of education policy and standards, and subregional access to technical and vocational education and training (TVET) services; and
• other relevant measures as set out in the DMF.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).

This is a proxy indicator related to SDG 17.
Total number of relevant regional or subregional mechanisms created or operationalized with ADB support. Established or functioning institutions; working groups or committees; operational clusters; and technical advisory bodies that meet periodically with clear terms of reference, meaningful agenda items, and tangible outputs to support coordination and cooperation among DMCs.
For a mechanism to be considered operationalized, it should fulfill at least one of the following criteria: (i) it is involved in the implementation of a RCI-classified program or project supported by ADB; or (ii) its activities have led to the initiation of an RCI project or a program supported by ADB.
Examples of regional or subregional mechanisms to enhance coordination and cooperation among DMCs on mitigating or adapting to climate change, environmental protection and sustainable management of shared natural resources, or regional public health and education services include river basin organizations and their networking, regional climate data consortia, weather services networks, associations of providers of green technologies and services, and regional education associations.
Performance measurement: Annual
Sources: ADB data (PCRs, RRPs, XARRs, and TCRs).