Regional : Greater Mekong Subregion Flood and Drought Risk Management and Mitigation Project (CAM)
ADB is helping Cambodia strengthen disaster risk management and raise the ability of vulnerable communities to cope with floods and droughts. The project will upgrade irrigation systems and other infrastructure, enhance the national flood forecasting center, and provide training and support to farmers for community-based disaster risk management and climate change adaptation.
Project Details
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Project Officer
Long, Piseth Vou
Southeast Asia Department
Request for information -
Country/Economy
Regional -
Modality
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Sector
- Agriculture, natural resources and rural development
Project Name | Greater Mekong Subregion Flood and Drought Risk Management and Mitigation Project (CAM) | ||||||||||||
Project Number | 40190-013 | ||||||||||||
Country / Economy | Regional Cambodia |
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Project Status | Closed | ||||||||||||
Project Type / Modality of Assistance | Grant Loan |
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Source of Funding / Amount |
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Strategic Agendas | Environmentally sustainable growth Inclusive economic growth Regional integration |
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Drivers of Change | Gender Equity and Mainstreaming Partnerships |
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Sector / Subsector | Agriculture, natural resources and rural development / Irrigation - Rural flood protection |
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Gender Equity and Mainstreaming | Effective gender mainstreaming | ||||||||||||
Description | The project will support the Government of Cambodia as it undertakes structural and nonstructural measures to prepare for and manage disaster risks linked to floods and droughts. Project interventions will (i) enhance the regional data, information, and knowledge base for the management of floods and droughts; (ii) upgrade or develop water management infrastructure; and (iii) prepare communities to manage disasters such as floods and droughts, and adapt to climate change. Improved drought management and irrigation water structures in Cambodia will benefit farmers on about 16,000 hectares (ha) of agricultural lands, and at least 10,000 people will benefit from improved flood management. | ||||||||||||
Project Rationale and Linkage to Country/Regional Strategy | The Mekong River is a major influence on the lives of the people in Cambodia. Annual floods are a source of livelihood and sustenance, but extreme flood events and droughts cause widespread hardship. The costs to the countries of the Lower Mekong basin (LMB), in terms of loss of life and damage to infrastructure by floods and economic losses from both flood and drought events are significant. In Cambodia, between 1987 and 2007, 15 flood events resulted in over 1,150 deaths, disrupted the lives of over nine million persons, and when combined with losses from five drought events, caused over $465 million in damage to structures and crops. Although the annual average losses are relatively low, floods and drought events cause episodic losses as illustrated by Typhoon Ketsana in September 2009 which resulted in $132 million losses in Cambodia. Flood damage and associated losses were estimated to range from 0.30 to 0.45% of gross domestic product in 2009 in the lower Mekong basin countries. There is a growing need for improved community preparedness to manage increasingly frequent and severe climatic extremes. Climate change is predicted to increase the frequency of extreme flood events. While drought events do not result directly in deaths or structural damage, the disruption to lives and livelihoods, and the economic loss of agricultural production is substantial and limits the ability of rural communities to avoid poverty. These weather extremes illustrate the growing need for improving community preparedness to manage increasingly frequent disaster risks. Updating of infrastructure design standards will contribute to reducing the risks in Cambodia. While many of the nonstructural problems of data, warning systems and coordination of agencies are generic to LMB countries, problems related to physical structures, including canals, drains, control structures, are site specific. Flood and drought risk management as well as building communities' resilience are identified as priorities in the national strategic development plans, sector strategies and national climate change adaptation plans. The proposed investment is one of the flagship programs of the 2002 Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) Economic Cooperation Program Strategic Framework. Country agriculture and natural resources (ANR) sector assessments have confirmed drought and flood (extreme weather) events as key constraints to economies of the project countries and as contributing factors to persistent poverty in areas affected. Consequently, the proposed Project has two foci: (i) subregional activities to strengthen regional cooperation and integration (RCI) with regard to water resources management in general and flood/drought management in particular, and (ii) in country investments which combine structural and non-structural investments. Together, these will address the key subsector constraint of insufficient disaster preparedness of countries and communities to manage and mitigate the potential impacts of climate extremes. |
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Impact | Reduced economic losses resulting from flood and droughts |
Project Outcome | |
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Description of Outcome | Improved capacity and preparedness to manage and mitigate the impacts of flood and drought events |
Progress Toward Outcome | Project implementation came to an end by 30 June 2021 and all output targets have largely been accomplished. The remaining works are to finalize the project completion report and to reallocate the loans/grant proceeds to settle the remaining invoices. Activities of Output 1 and Output 3 have been completed since September 2019 while Output 2 has recently been completed. The implementation of the gender action plan, environmental and social safeguards have successfully been completed except submission of the external monitoring reports. Cumulative contract awards of loans and grant are $41.14 million and of disbursements $37.11 million, equivalent to 99% and 89%, respectively, of the total loans and grand proceeds. The submission of the project completion report has been slightly delayed and the project account is being closed. |
Implementation Progress | |
Description of Project Outputs | Enhanced regional data, information, and knowledge base for the management of flood and drought Upgraded water management infrastructure Enhanced capacity for community-based disaster risk management Effective project implementation |
Status of Implementation Progress (Outputs, Activities, and Issues) | The flood forecasting models and drought tools were developed by the end of 2017 for the mainstream Mekong and Pursat Tributary basin and tested. Additional cross-sectional survey information was used to refine the Pursat hydraulic model, and field trips have been conducted to verify structural features on the landscape to refine the mainstream Mekong hydraulic model. The regression model for the mainstream Mekong was updated. Trainings on the models were conducted. A National Flood Forecasting Centre (NFFC) Web Portal for dissemination of flood and drought conditions was developed and was operational prior to the 2018 monsoon season. The forecast system was used during the 2018 and 2019 monsoon season, additional refinements to the models and model interface were made, and Department of Hydrology and River Works (DHRW) forecast staffs were provided with as-required operational support during the two monsoon seasons. NFFC staff trained and are now operating the National Flood Forecast Center (NFFC) in Department of Hydrology and River Works (DHRW) Twenty formal trainings have been provided to DHRW, CPMU, and DOM on hydrologic and hydrodynamic models and improved weather forecasting using global and regional modelled and satellite products, web-portals, multi-regression forecasting and SPI. Additional training has been provided by the hydromet equipment supplier on the field instrumentation and software provided. Mentoring and on-the-job training of the DHRW-NFFC staff on the use of the improved forecasting techniques were support during the 2018 and 2019 monsoon season continued up to Aug 2019. Women represented over 40 percent of the staff trained. Design guidelines for flood and drought mitigation have been finalized and an additional chapter on Ecosystem-based Adaptation to climate change, developed by SPCR of MOE, was added to the guideline. The design guidelines were presented and discussed at the Concluding workshop held in August 2019. The guidelines have been finalized, printed and translated into Khmer. Contact with the ADB GMS FDRMMP Viet Nam was initiated in Q2 2017. A coordination Workshop was organized in Hanoi on 5 Nov 2018 by Viet Nam Project where a joint Action Plan at the project level was developed. The Action Plan has been agreed at the project levels of two countries (13 May 2019). The Action Plan was presented to the appropriate line ministries in both governments for consideration and for follow-up. The technical and institutional capacity of MOWRAM to participate in transboundary initiatives has been strengthened under the activities of the National Flood forecasting Center (NFFC) component. The Cambodian National Mekong Committee (CNMC) will use the outputs of the Project to implement the transboundary management options with Vietnam through the MRC protocol. There were 145,811 person-days of the total unskilled workers' input, women provided 74,243 person-days of under the 5 civil works contracts (33.74%). The achievements of GAP implementation as follows: (i) out of a total 83 members, 26 (31%) are female committee members of farmer water user community (FWUC), (ii) out of a total 350 members of 50 village disaster management groups (VDMGs)/CBDRM, 144 (41%) members are women, (iii) out of a total 750 participants, 385 (52%) women received CBDRM trainings, (iv) out of a total 10,548 unskilled labor days created, 5,223 (49%) labor days claimed by women under civil work, (v) 50 gender sensitive safer village plans developed by VDMGs in consultation with women (women made up 41% of the VDMGs members) and (vi) gender aspects are integrated into CBDRM training modules. As the project is nearing completion, the EA is requested to document the gender equality impacts both quantitative and qualitative through the sex-disaggregated end-line survey and case studies to be included in project completion report-gender appendix. The O&M Plans prepared and adopted. FWUC members are trained. CBDRM Training provided to 750 community members, out of which 385 (52%) were women. 144 (41%) out of the 350 members of the 50 Village Disaster Management Groups (VDMGs) (CBDRM committee members) are women. Additional training included: i) Training Need Assessment workshop on 26 May 2017, 13 women (19%) out of 69 participants Training of Trainer, 4 out of 14 participants are female (29%) CBDRM Training for Communities, 385 (52%) of 750 community participants are female. ii) During Step 1 Information on FWUC formation was disseminated in 5 communes, 50 villages, 2,159 (46%) out of 4701 participants were female. Trainings to elected FWUCs provided in Q3 2019. iii) Extension period: Training on home gardening (vegetables) and poultry were completed in 15 villages during June and July 2019, for 184 participants including 132 women (72%) (66 women, 67%). iv)Additional 10 women and 21 current women members of FWUC (30 women in total) trained on FWUC from 3 to 6 March 2020. CBDRM Training for Communities, 385 (52%) of 750 community participants are female. 144 (41%) out of the 350 members of the 50 Village Disaster Management Groups (VDMGs) (CBDRM committee members) are women. Out of a total 83 members, 26 (31%) are female committee members of farmer water user community (FWUC). Number of communes have been revised to 5 based on project target area. Risk profiles and Safer Village Plans of 50 target villages in 5 communes have been prepared and distributed. 50 Village Disaster Management Groups (VDMG) (organizations) were formed in 2016-2017. Project implementation was completed on 30 June 2021. Please also note that the statement of this indicator is not correct. |
Geographical Location | Cambodia - Phnom Penh, Pursat |
Safeguard Categories | |
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Environment | B |
Involuntary Resettlement | A |
Indigenous Peoples | C |
Summary of Environmental and Social Aspects | |
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Environmental Aspects | The Project is classified as category B for environment. The three updated environmental management plans for main canal, barrage and secondary and tertiary canals had been prepared and disclosed onto ADB website. Also, the initial environmental and social impact assessment has been prepared by a registered firm with Ministry of Environment and approved in November 2019. In addition, an environmental code of conduct for the five community ponds and one field channel had been prepared and updated to include the mitigation measures of Covid-19 based on advice from ADB and disclosed. An environmental monitoring report covered from October 2017 to December 2020 were disclosed on the ADB website. |
Involuntary Resettlement | The Project is classified as category A for involuntary resettlement. Detailed Resettlement Plan (DRP) 1 and DRP2 had been prepared, disclosed and completed. The project had also implemented IR Category C subprojects (five community ponds, one water channel and one drainage) and a due diligence report was disclosed. Nevertheless, there have been no external monitoring report submitted by General Department of Resettlement (GDR) though many follow-ups including this final mission. On 1 September 2021, GDR submitted the consolidated External Monitoring Report for Damnak Chheukrom Irrigation in Pursat province. The report had been cleared by ADB and disclosed on 10 September 2021. |
Indigenous Peoples | No indigenous people maintaining distinct cultural identities or separate cultural traditions were found to reside in the project area. |
Stakeholder Communication, Participation, and Consultation | |
During Project Design | Stakeholder consultations were conducted during the Project preparation, including during resettlement plan preparations and socio economic surveys in all areas covered by the Project District governments and officials of the communes, representatives of Women's Unions, Youth Organizations and potential affected people participated in various consultations. Focus group discussions with women were also conducted. Project Information Booklets written in the local languages were distributed and explained to the participants during those meetings. During inventory of losses the potential Affected Peoples were consulted on their initial preferences for resettlement and informed of the compensation and entitlement. |
During Project Implementation | Consultation and participatory design of interventions and processes have commenced starting from the preparation and implementation of land acquisition and resettlement plans towards the technical design and implementation of subprojects, in collaboration with displaced persons and stakeholders. Consultation has also been conducted during the process of updating the resettlement planning documents and participatory monitoring tools will be used throughout the project period. Community based disaster risk management actions were conducted in parallel to each infrastrucuture investment to ensure maximum ownership and understanding of the investments in each community. Careful communications and participatory approaches were used extensively to facilitate the develop of the capacity of each community to prepare for and recover from flood and drought events, and to manage the sustainable operation and maintenance of the infrastruture developed through the proiect. |
Business Opportunities | |
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Consulting Services | All consultants and nongovernment organizations (NGO) to be financed by the ADB loan will be recruited according to ADB's Guidelines on the Use of Consultants. The project implementation consultants will assist the CPMU with project implementation support, such as, (i) build the capacity of CPMU and PIUs in project management, procurement, and financial management; (ii) assist in updating the resettlement plan and environmental management plans based on the approved detailed engineering design; and (iii) assist in monitoring, evaluation and reporting. |
Procurement | Procurement of civil works packages and goods and services following international competitive bidding and national competitive bidding procedures will be carried out by the CPMU. The EA will undertake procurement following ADB Procurement Guidelines. |
Responsible ADB Officer | Long, Piseth Vou |
Responsible ADB Department | Southeast Asia Department |
Responsible ADB Division | Cambodia Resident Mission |
Executing Agencies |
Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology 364 Monivong Blvd, Khan Chamkamorn Phnom Penh, Cambodia |
Timetable | |
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Concept Clearance | 05 May 2011 |
Fact Finding | 28 Mar 2011 to 31 May 2011 |
MRM | 06 Jul 2012 |
Approval | 12 Dec 2012 |
Last Review Mission | - |
Last PDS Update | 01 Nov 2021 |
Grant 0330-REG
Milestones | |||||
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Approval | Signing Date | Effectivity Date | Closing | ||
Original | Revised | Actual | |||
12 Dec 2012 | 17 Jan 2013 | 23 Jun 2014 | 30 Sep 2019 | 30 Jun 2021 | 17 Feb 2022 |
Financing Plan | Grant Utilization | ||||
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Total (Amount in US$ million) | Date | ADB | Others | Net Percentage | |
Project Cost | 8.75 | Cumulative Contract Awards | |||
ADB | 0.00 | 17 Jun 2022 | 0.00 | 5.58 | 100% |
Counterpart | 2.95 | Cumulative Disbursements | |||
Cofinancing | 5.80 | 17 Jun 2022 | 0.00 | 5.58 | 100% |
Status of Covenants | ||||||
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Category | Sector | Safeguards | Social | Financial | Economic | Others |
Rating | - | Satisfactory | Satisfactory | - | - | Satisfactory |
Loan 2970-REG
Milestones | |||||
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Approval | Signing Date | Effectivity Date | Closing | ||
Original | Revised | Actual | |||
12 Dec 2012 | 17 Jan 2013 | 23 Jun 2014 | 30 Sep 2019 | 30 Jun 2021 | 17 Feb 2022 |
Financing Plan | Loan Utilization | ||||
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Total (Amount in US$ million) | Date | ADB | Others | Net Percentage | |
Project Cost | 35.00 | Cumulative Contract Awards | |||
ADB | 35.00 | 17 Jun 2022 | 31.62 | 0.00 | 100% |
Counterpart | 0.00 | Cumulative Disbursements | |||
Cofinancing | 0.00 | 17 Jun 2022 | 31.62 | 0.00 | 100% |
Status of Covenants | ||||||
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Category | Sector | Safeguards | Social | Financial | Economic | Others |
Rating | - | Satisfactory | Satisfactory | - | - | Satisfactory |
Loan 8262-REG
Milestones | |||||
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Approval | Signing Date | Effectivity Date | Closing | ||
Original | Revised | Actual | |||
12 Dec 2012 | 17 Jan 2013 | 23 Jun 2014 | 30 Sep 2019 | 30 Jun 2021 | 17 Feb 2022 |
Financing Plan | Loan Utilization | ||||
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Total (Amount in US$ million) | Date | ADB | Others | Net Percentage | |
Project Cost | 4.00 | Cumulative Contract Awards | |||
ADB | 0.00 | 17 Jun 2022 | 0.00 | 4.00 | 100% |
Counterpart | 0.00 | Cumulative Disbursements | |||
Cofinancing | 4.00 | 17 Jun 2022 | 0.00 | 4.00 | 100% |
Status of Covenants | ||||||
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Category | Sector | Safeguards | Social | Financial | Economic | Others |
Rating | - | Satisfactory | Satisfactory | - | - | Satisfactory |
Project Data Sheets (PDS) contain summary information on the project or program. Because the PDS is a work in progress, some information may not be included in its initial version but will be added as it becomes available. Information about proposed projects is tentative and indicative.
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Evaluation Documents See also: Independent Evaluation
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Tenders
Tender Title | Type | Status | Posting Date | Deadline |
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National Hydrologist | Individual - Consulting | Closed | ||
Database (IT) Specialist | Individual - Consulting | Closed | ||
Hydraulic Modeling Specialist | Individual - Consulting | Closed | ||
Loan No. L2970/L8262-CAM: GMS Flood and Drought Risk Management and Mitigation Project [CAM2-ICB-W01] | Invitation for Bids | Closed |
Contracts Awarded
Contract Title | Approval Number | Contract Date | Contractor | Address | Executing Agency | Total Contract Amount (US$) | Contract Amount Financed by ADB (US$) |
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CAM3_NCB_W03: CONSTRUCTION OF UPGRADING OF DAMNAK CHHEUKROM IRRIGATION SYSTEM SECONDARY CANALS 1&2 (SC 1&2), TC AND ASSOCIATED STRUCTURES | Loan 2970 | 28 Jun 2019 | SOEUN SOKNAN CONSTRUCTION CO.LTD | PREY VENG PROVINCE CAMBODIA | Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology | 2,068,033.16 | 1,799,188.85 |
CAM4_NCB_W04: CONSTRUCTION OF UPGRADING OF DAMNAK CHHEUKROM IRRIGATION SYSTEM SECONDARY CANAL 3 (SC3) , TCS AND ASSOCIATED STRUCTURES | Loan 2970 | 28 Jun 2019 | SEAK CHHEAV LENG ENTERPRISE CO., LTD | #621, STREET 357, PHNOM PENH CAMBODIA | Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology | 2,052,886.83 | 1,786,011.54 |
CAM5_NCB_W05: CONSTRUCTION OF UPGRADING OF DAMNAK CHHEUKROM IRRIGATION SYSTEM SECONDARY CANAL 4 (SC4) , TCS AND ASSOCIATED STRUCTURES | Loan 2970 | 28 Jun 2019 | SEAK CHHEAV LENG ENTERPRISE CO. LTD | #621, STREET 357, PHNOM PENH CAMBODIA | Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology | 2,034,847.20 | 1,770,317.06 |
GMS-HP13: CS FOR FLD MGMT HYDRAULIC DESIGN STANDA RD AND CBDRM | Grant 0483 | 21 Dec 2017 | YOOSHIN ENGINEERING CORPORATION (KOREA) | SEOUL KOREA REPUBLIC OF | Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development | 1,800,000.00 | — |
CONSTRUCTION OF NEW BARRAGE ON PURSAT RIVER FOR GMS FLOOD AND DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND MITIGATION PROJECT | Loan 2970 | 30 Oct 2017 | SBPH & JIANGSU NANTONG NO. 2 CONSTRUCTION JV | NO.25A, STREET 432, SANGKAT BOEUNG TRABEK, PHNOM PENH, CAMBODIA CAMBODIA | Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology | 9,012,485.00 | 7,840,862.00 |
UPGRADING OF DAMNAK CHHEU KROM IRRIGATION SYSTEM MAIN CANAL | Loan 2970 | 07 Jul 2017 | HENAN WATER CONSTRUCTION GROUP CO., LTD AND | NO. F92, STREET 6, PHNOM PENH, CAMBODIA CAMBODIA | Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology | 8,606,327.00 | 7,487,505.00 |
Procurement Plan
Title | Document Type | Document Date |
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Greater Mekong Subregion Flood and Drought Risk Management and Mitigation Project (Cambodia): Procurement Plan | Procurement Plans | Jul 2017 |