Philippines : KALAHI-CIDSS National Community-Driven Development Project

Project Name

KALAHI-CIDSS National Community-Driven Development Project

Project Number

46420-002

Country / Economy

• Philippines

Project Status

Closed

Project Type / Modality of Assistance

• Grant
• Loan

Source of Funding / Amount

Loan 3100-PHI: KALAHI"CIDSS National Community-Driven Development Project

Source	Amount
Ordinary capital resources	US$ 372.10 million

Loan: KALAHI-CIDSS National Community-Driven Development Project

Source	Amount
World Bank	US$ 479.00 million

Grant 0472-PHI: KALAHI"CIDSS National Community-Driven Development Project - Additional Financing

Source	Amount
Typhoon Yolanda Multi-Donor Trust Fund	US$ 5.00 million

Strategic Agendas

• Environmentally sustainable growth
• Inclusive economic growth

Drivers of Change

• Gender Equity and Mainstreaming
• Governance and capacity development

Sector / Subsector

• Education / Pre-primary and primary

• Public sector management / Decentralization - Social protection initiatives

Gender

Gender equity theme

Description

The project will support the implementation of the government's KALAHI CIDSS- National Community-Driven Development Project (KC-NCDDP) to restore basic social services and rebuild communities affected by Typhoon Yolanda (international name: Haiyan).

The impact will be improved resiliency of poor communities to natural hazards. The outcome will be improved access to services and infrastructure for communities in affected provinces and their participation in more inclusive local disaster risk reduction and management planning, budgeting, and implementation.

The outputs are (i) community-driven development subprojects selected, implemented, and completed; (ii) institutional and organizational capacity strengthened; and (iii) program management and monitoring and evaluation systems enhanced.

Project Rationale and Linkage to Country/Regional Strategy

On 8 November 2013, Typhoon Yolanda hit the central Philippines, leaving behind an unprecedented path of destruction. The death toll stood at 5,632, with another 1,759 still missing, 26,136 injured, and about 890,000 families or 4.11 million people displaced as of 1 December 2013. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) estimated that an additional 1.5 million persons may have fallen into poverty immediately after Typhoon Yolanda, a 24% increase in the number of poor in central Philippines and 7.1% nationwide. Preliminary government estimates indicate that Typhoon Yolanda and other recent disasters may have cut the national economic growth rate by 0.3-0.8 percentage points in the fourth quarter of 2013 alone, which is equivalent to $900 million-$2.5 billion of lost GDP in 2013. ADBs preliminary forecast for 2014 is that the drop in the GDP growth rate could be as high as 1 percentage point. The combined regional economies of Central Visayas, Eastern Visayas, and Western Visayas which account for 12.5% of the country's GDP could shrink by 4.0%-8.0% in 2014. The Eastern Visayas economy could contract by 30.0% or more in 2014.

Community-driven development (CDD) approaches have been used to address bottlenecks in the local delivery of basic services. The CDD principles of participatory planning and community control of investment resources are being applied in the Philippines by the governments Kapit-Bisig Laban sa Kahirapan (Linking Arms Against Poverty) Comprehensive and Integrated Delivery of Social Services (KALAHI-CIDSS) project, managed by the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD). KALAHI-CIDSS has improved basic service delivery, effectively targeted poor communities, and responded to the needs of poor households, lessening the influence of patronage in resource allocation and job creation. The government identifies CDD as a pillar of the country's development and poverty reduction strategy, and is expanding KALAHI-CIDSS operations into the KC-NCDDP.

In the aftermath of Typhoon Yolanda, the KC-NCDDP will use CDD to support recovery and rehabilitation efforts in affected communities. International experience demonstrates the effectiveness of CDD in responding to disaster situations and reducing disaster risks. CDD is useful in emergency and post-calamity situations for the following reasons: (i) a community is the first to experience a disaster and the first to respond, (ii) communities have indigenous knowledge of hazards and mitigation, (iii) involving affected communities in determining needs and priorities helps ensure the appropriateness and sustainability of disaster responses, and (iv) organized communities are better able to demand downward accountability.

The presence of CDD projects, especially in poor, remote, and disaster-prone areas, also makes them well positioned to urgently respond to post-disaster needs and facilitate the coordination and cohesiveness of assistance. CDD projects that have established efficient management systems, including flexible procurement and disbursement procedures, can be tapped to quickly mobilize resources after a disaster. Indonesia expanded CDD programs to respond to urgent recovery needs after five major disasters from 2004 to 2010. The post-disaster experience of Aceh and Nias highlighted the following outcomes of CDD programs: (i) fully disbursed funds ahead of schedule, (ii) more outputs delivered than other programs, and (iii) greater transparency and accountability than most other government projects.

With the presence of KALAHI-CIDSS in about 90% of the Yolanda-affected areas, and building on the long-running KALAHI-CIDSS management systems, the KC-NCDDP will be well positioned to address the post-disaster needs of communities. The KC-NCDDP will provide support for recovery and rehabilitation activities in more than 14,000 barangays (villages) in more than 500 municipalities across 39 provinces affected by the typhoon, covering about 3.3 million households. It will provide (i) grants for planning and implementing CDD subprojects, (ii) capacity building and implementation support, and (iii) program management monitoring and evaluation.

Impact

Improved resiliency of poor communities to natural hazards

Project Outcome

Description of Outcome

Improved access to services and infrastructure for communities in affected provinces and their participation in more inclusive local disaster risk reduction and management planning, budgeting, and implementation

Progress Toward Outcome

Results from First Round Outcome Survey show that three of the four outcome indicators have been achieved. The project directly benefited 3.85 million households from 15, 130 completed subprojects as of 30 June 2018 (target: 900,000).

Implementation Progress

Description of Project Outputs

1. CDD subprojects selected, implemented, and completed

2. Institutional and organizational capacity strengthened

3. Program management and M&E systems enhanced

Status of Implementation Progress (Outputs, Activities, and Issues)

Output 1:

Target exceeded (100%). All completed sub-projects were able to meet basic financial standards in accordance to the KC-NCDDP Finance and Management Sub-manual.

Achieved 85.3%. Out of the 11,669 ADB-funded sub-projects that were planned to be completed within 180 days, 70% (8,122) were completed within schedule; 86% (12,744) out of the 14,863 SPs were completed in accordance to technical plans based on SPCR while 100% of the subprojects were within budget. Allocating equal weights for each subproject indicator, the overall achievement for this KPI is 85.3%.

Target exceeded (99%). 11,150 (99%) out of the 11,300 SPs with reported sustainability evaluation (SE) results rated satisfactory or better.

Achieved 21%. 76,774 women have been engaged in paid labor during sub-project implementation, comprising 21% of the total 371,341 workers.

Below target. A total of 128 livelihood subprojects have been funded, of which 94 have been completed.

Reasons for not achieving 150 target by end of program are due to:

Timeline of implementation which affected utilization. The Grant Agreement between the Philippines and ADB was only entered into last March 21, 2016 while the budget for the implementation was transferred to DSWD account in August 2016. The delayed start and downloading of funds to regions resulted to a domino effect of other activities such as the delayed conduct of social preparations, provision of technical assistance, conduct of trainings and meetings with various stakeholders.

Multi-component subprojects. The communities and KC NCDDP Staff required longer time to prepare the necessary documents, package the proposal and comply with the RFR requirements since most of the sub-projects are multi-components and involve multi-stakeholders. Example of this include a sub-project with skills training, starter kit and infrastructure support. Activities and materials needed to be packaged within the approved procurement guidelines of NCDDP while the technical designs included the review of other agencies such as DA, BFAR, DOST and DTI.

While the Project was not able to reach 150 SPs, it has reached more than 150 communities since some of the sub-projects were implemented by multiple communities. Example of this are the 5 water systems in Tanauan which covers 21 barangays and the Construction of Artificial Reef and Fish Cage with Skills Training on Fish Production which involves 5 barangays.

Output 2:

Target exceeded (100%). All 800 enrolled municipalities have MOA with DSWD that call to expand the membership of POs and CSOs in Municipal Development Council

Target exceeded. 546,620* in 18,781 villages (or average of 29 CVs per village).

(61% women)

*unique volunteers

546,620 community volunteers have been mobilized and been provided various trainings, of which 334,538 (61%) are women.

Target exceeded. 113,209 (60%) out of the 189,872 committee chairpersonships are held by women.

Output 3: Achieved/Completed.

E-RFR system installed and fully operational in all regions.

The study on effectiveness and impacts is part of the Outcome Survey. Social Weather Stations was engaged to conduct Outcome Survey second round.

Study on livelihood gains included in the ADB thematic studies.

Achieved/target exceeded. A total of 273 new KC-NCDDP municipalities (Yolanda affected) are generating sex-disaggregated data using the CDD forms and database which require sex-disaggregation.

Partially achieved. Most of the indicators were already achieved except for study on review of gender equality.

Geographical Location

Nation-wide

Safeguard Categories

Environment

B

Involuntary Resettlement

B

Indigenous Peoples

A

Summary of Environmental and Social Aspects

Environmental Aspects

DENR re-categorized a Category B spillway subproject into category C due to minimal threshold while the re-categorization of two Category B subprojects (water system and 1 classroom building) into category C hves been awaiting confirmation from DENR. The EA prepared two IEEs for two road subprojects in Region VI.

The following information from the safeguards database has been validated:

(i) 99.3% of the ADB-funded subprojects have complied with the requirement to prepare an Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP). The remaining 0.7% were already submitted but are not yet encoded in the database.

(ii) A total of 7,543 subprojects have certificates of non-coverage (CNC) from the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Environmental Management Bureau (DENR-EMB); CNC is optional per ESMF.

(iii) 2 road SPs requiring IEE (2 SPs with ECC).

Involuntary Resettlement

Subprojects are generally compliant with land acquisition and resettlement applicable laws and regulations of the Philippines, involuntary resettlement safeguards, and the Resettlement Framework. Subprojects are mostly within public lands (91.4%) over private lands (22.0%). Within public lands, the most common instrument used is local government resolution (66.8%) while in private lands it is the Deed of Donation with 57.8%. No involuntary resettlement issues were reported to NPMO by RPMOs.

Two rounds of external monitoring on land acquisition and resettlement were conducted and reports are disclosed in the ADB website.

Indigenous Peoples

No category B subprojects have been reported by the EA, for which an IPP should be prepared and submitted to ADB.

Two rounds of external monitoring for IP safeguards were conducted and reports are disclosed in the ADB website.

Stakeholder Communication, Participation, and Consultation

During Project Design

Conducted consultations with different stakeholders and coordination with development partners.

During Project Implementation

Participation of communities, local government units, and civil society organizations is a key feature of project implementation.

Contact

Responsible ADB Officer

Elfving, Rikard N.

Responsible ADB Department

Southeast Asia Department

Responsible ADB Division

Human and Social Development Division, SERD

Executing Agencies

Department of Social Welfare and Development

Timetable

Concept Clearance

17 Dec 2012

Fact Finding

11 Feb 2013 to 22 Feb 2013

MRM

18 Apr 2013

Approval

16 Dec 2013

Last Review Mission

-

Last PDS Update

28 Mar 2019

Funding

Grant 0472-PHI

Loan 3100-PHI